Rearview mirror assembly with utility functions

ABSTRACT

An interior rearview mirror assembly for a vehicle includes a reflective element, a housing or casing supporting the reflective element, and the casing including a storage space. The storage space provides storage for at least one accessory and for storing the accessory in the location easily accessible by an occupant of the vehicle whereby the accessory can be inserted into and removed from the storage space for use by an occupant of the vehicle. The storage space may take the form of a recess provided in a top wall of the casing, a recessed portion provided in a front wall, back wall, or end wall of the casing. In one form, the recessed portion houses a pendent accessory which is movable between a retracted position within the recess to an extended position for viewing by an occupant of the vehicle. For example, the pendent accessory may include a reflective element or a display element, for displaying information to an occupant of the vehicle.

TECHNICAL FIELD AND BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a rearview assembly and, morespecifically to an interior rearview mirror assembly for use in vehiclesincorporating utility functions, such as storage space for holding orhousing various accessories.

Until recently, rearview mirror assemblies have been used primarily forrear vision. More recently, electronic, electric and various additionalfunctional features, however, have been added to the rearview mirrorassembly, for example map reading lights, reflective elements withdisplays, controls for actuating garage doors, or the like.

With the advent of electro-optic mirrors such as electrochromic mirrors,a new generation of rearview mirrors has afforded the possibility of aslim reflector package. As a day/night actuator mechanism is no longerneeded in such mirrors, the size of the reflective element assembly isdefined be the thickness of the electrochromic mirror element and by itsassociated electronics.

In addition, more recently, drivers and occupants of the vehicle engagein more and more non-driving activities, such as telephoneconversations, note taking, remote transactions, and the like. As aresult, many of these activities take the driver's attention away fromthe front of the vehicle because the activity involves the driverlooking to locations in the vehicle remote from the windshield.Furthermore, while note pad holders have been devised to attach to thewindshield, by suction cups or the like, these holders often hamper orobstruct the view through the windshield and may come loose or detach.As a result, the driver of the vehicle may have an obstructed view.Also, frequently a driver or vehicle occupant may remove eyeglasses orsunglasses or the like when exiting the vehicle, and seeks a storageplace where they can be left and readily found.

Consequently, there is a need to optimize the available space in thevehicle for storing and locating objects and accessories, such assunglasses, flashlights, map holders, writing surfaces, pen holders andthe like, and, furthermore, providing accessories in a location that iseasy to reach but which does not cause the driver of the vehicle toredirect his or her eyes far from the front of the vehicle, thusminimizing or eliminating the driver's distraction. In addition, it isdesirable that the space which is used to store or locate these objectsand accessories does not obstruct the driver's view.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention provides an interior rearview mirror assembly,which includes a mount for attachment of the assembly to a windshield orto a header portion of the vehicle interior, and one or more storagespaces for storing, locating or holding objects and/or accessories.

In one form of the invention, an interior rearview mirror assemblyincludes a casing or housing, a reflective element positioned in thecasing, and the casing including a storage space. The storage spaceprovides storage for at least one accessory and for storing theaccessory in a location which is easily accessible by an occupant of thevehicle.

In one aspect, the storage space is defined by a recess or pocketprovided on or in the casing, for example a recess or pocket provided inan upper wall of the casing. The storage space may comprise acompartment or bin, such as is defined by the recess or pocket or thelike. In further aspects, the storage space comprises an elongatedtrough-shape body for supporting an accessory, such as at least one of apair of spectacles, a writing instrument, and coins. In other forms, thecasing includes an upper wall and an opening in the upper wall. Astorage bin, preferably a removable storage bin, is positioned as aninsert in the opening with the insert forming the recess and providingthe storage space. In another embodiment, the walls of the bin aredefined by the wall of the mirror assembly casing itself, such as formedby molding.

In other forms, the casing includes a recess which extends into a bottomwall of the casing for storing a pendent accessory. For example, thependent accessory may include a reflective element or may be a displayscreen, such as a liquid crystal display screen, or may be a writing pador a keyboard. Preferably, the pendent accessory includes a housing,which supports the accessory. In further aspects, the housing issupported from the mirror assembly by a support. Preferably, theaccessory housing is pivotally mounted to the support to permitrepositioning of the accessory for viewing by or access to an occupantof the vehicle, such as by a driver or a passenger.

In other aspects, the pendent accessory includes a display screen, suchas a touch screen, which displays information for an occupant of thevehicle. In preferred form, the pendent accessory includes a housingwhich supports the display screen. The housing is supported from themirror assembly by a support, with the housing being pivotally mountedto the support to permit repositioning of the display screen. Further,the pendent accessory may include a circuit board for supportingelectronics which display information on the display screen.

In other aspects, the pendent accessory is mounted for extension andretraction into the recess. Such pendent accessory may be mounted forextension and/or retraction from the casing that houses the reflectiveelement, or from the mirror support arm that supports the mirror casingand about which the mirror casing is pivotably moveable, or from themirror mount where the interior rearview mirror attaches to the vehiclesuch as to a button adhered to the windshield or to an attachment pointin the header region of the roof-area of the vehicle. The pendentaccessory housing includes an outer surface which generally aligns withthe outer surface of the casing when the housing is moved to itsretracted position within the casing.

In other aspects, the casing includes an accessory attachment member forreleasably holding an accessory. For example, the accessory attachmentmember may comprise a clip or retainer with generally resilient orspring-like arm for receiving and releasably retaining an object such asa pen, a tool or the like. Such attachment member may comprise agenerally C-shaped clip for releasably holding a work piece. Optionally,the accessory attachment member is integrally molded with the casing.For example, the accessory attachment member may be provided at thebottom wall of the casing or provided on a forward facing (relative tothe direction of travel of the vehicle) wall of the casing so that, whenthe interior mirror assembly is mounted in the vehicle, a work piece(such as for example, a writing instrument such as a pencil or a pen ora tool or a utility instrument such as a Swiss Army knife) is held tothe mirror housing at its rear, and between the outer wall of the mirrorhousing and the inner surface of the vehicle windshield.

In yet a further aspect, the casing includes a recess formed in aforward facing side of the casing. A dockable assembly such as aflashlight, phone, or pager is supported in the recess and is removablymounted to the casing such that an occupant of the vehicle can quicklyand easily remove the dockable assembly for use independently of therearview mirror assembly.

In further aspects, the casing includes an upper wall, a lower wall, andopposed end walls. A recess extends into one of the end walls therebydefining a storage space. The recess extends between the upper and lowerwalls to define a slotted recess which supports an accessory holder. Theaccessory holder is slidably positioned and releasably held in therecess. Preferably, the holder includes a body with upper and lowerwalls, an end wall, and a back wall. The end wall inserts into therecess when the holder is positioned in the recess. At least one of theupper wall, lower wall, and an edge of the back wall is aligned tofollow contours of the casing when the holder is positioned in therecess.

In another form of the invention, an interior rearview mirror assemblyincludes a casing or reflective element supported in the casing and asupport for mounting the casing to a windshield mounting button. Thesupport preferably includes a break-away bracket or mount which includesa storage space for supporting at least one accessory thereon.

In one aspect, the bracket includes a planar mounting surface forsupporting the accessory thereon. Optionally, the bracket may include anaccessory attachment member for holding a work piece. In furtheraspects, the bracket includes a bottom edge, with the accessoryattachment member being positioned at the bottom edge.

Advantages provided by the present invention include a high mountedstorage location which is easily accessible to an occupant of thevehicle. In addition, by incorporating the storage space into aninterior rearview mirror assembly the distraction caused by retrievalfrom or placement into the storage space is minimized as the effort oraction to retrieve or store is equivalent to the action of adjusting theposition of the rearview. Further, the location of the storage space isnot readily discernible from the outside of the vehicle enhancing thesecurity of the vehicle.

These and other objects, advantages, purposes, and features of theinvention will become more apparent from the study of the followingdescription taken in conjunction with the drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a front perspective view of the rearview mirror assembly forvehicles of the present invention showing an interior rearview mirrorassembly in a viewing position in a front windshield of a vehicle;

FIG. 2 is a sectional end view of the assembly of FIG. 1 taken alongline II—II of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a bottom perspective view of the rearview mirror assembly ofFIG. 1, with portions broken away, illustrating a pendent accessory inan extended position;

FIG. 4 is a bottom perspective view of the mirror assembly of FIG. 3illustrating the pendent accessory moved to a second orientation;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged bottom perspective view of the mirror assembly ofFIG. 4, with the pendent accessory positioned in a third orientation;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged end perspective view of the mirror assembly ofFIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a bottom perspective view of FIG. 1 illustrating the pendentaccessory of FIG. 3 in a partially retracted position within the mirrorassembly housing;

FIG. 8 is an enlarged bottom perspective view of a portion of theexterior rearview mirror assembly of FIG. 1, with the pendent accessoryfully retracted within the housing;

FIG. 8A is a perspective view similar to FIG. 1 illustrating therearview mirror assembly of FIG. 1 with a display screen adjacent thereflective element;

FIG. 8B is a view similar to FIG. 8A illustrating the rearview mirrorassembly with a pair of display screens;

FIG. 9 is a top plan view of an interior rearview mirror similar to FIG.1 illustrating the mirror housing incorporating a flashlight assembly;

FIG. 10 is a rear perspective view of the mirror assembly of FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is a top perspective view of the mirror of FIG. 9;

FIG. 12 is a bottom perspective view of the mirror assembly of FIG. 9;

FIG. 13 is an exploded bottom perspective view of the mirror subassemblyof FIG. 9;

FIG. 14 is a partial rear exploded perspective view of the mirrorassembly of FIG. 9;

FIG. 15 is a top perspective view of a third embodiment of the rearviewmirror assembly of FIG. 1 illustrating a recessed storage space forsupporting or holding accessories;

FIG. 15A is a partial fragmentary view taken along line XVA—XVA of FIG.15;

FIG. 16 is an enlarged perspective view of an insert module forinserting into the mirror assembly casing of FIG. 15 defining therecessed storage space;

FIG. 17 is a top perspective view of a fourth embodiment of the mirrorassembly of FIG. 1 illustrating a storage space within the mirrorassembly housing;

FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XVIII—XVIII of FIG.17;

FIG. 19 is a rear perspective view of a fifth embodiment of the interiorrearview mirror assembly FIG. 1 illustrating a flashlight assemblymodule mounted to a first storage space and a second storage space witha clip for holding an accessory and a third storage space for holdingother accessories;

FIG. 20 is a bottom perspective view of a sixth embodiment of the mirrorassembly of FIG. 1 illustrating a work piece holder and a writing padholder incorporated into the housing of the rearview mirror assemblyand, further, with two map or dash board light assemblies;

FIG. 21 is a front exploded perspective view of a seventh embodiment ofa mirror assembly similar to FIG. 1 illustrating a slotted storage spacefor holding an accessory holder, such as a writing pad holder;

FIG. 22 is a perspective view of an eighth embodiment of the interiorrearview mirror assembly incorporating a pad and pencil holder into amirror mounting bracket;

FIG. 23 is a perspective view of the paper and pencil holder of FIG. 22;

FIG. 24 is an exploded perspective view of a second embodiment of thepaper and pencil holder;

FIG. 25 is a bottom perspective view of a ninth embodiment of therearview mirror assembly of the present invention illustrating a storagespace for holding and dispensing coins, a 12-volt supply, and an airfreshener dispenser;

FIG. 26 is a front view of another embodiment of the interior rearviewmirror assembly illustrated in FIGS. 1-8;

FIG. 27 is a top perspective partial fragmentary view of the interiorrearview mirror assembly of FIG. 26.

FIG. 28 is a partial front view of a third embodiment of the interiorrearview mirror assembly illustrated in FIGS. 1-8 illustrating apivotally mounted pendent accessory;

FIG. 29 is an enlarged perspective view of the pendent accessory housingof FIG. 28;

FIG. 30 is another embodiment of the rearview mirror assemblyillustrated in FIGS. 15, 15A, and 16;

FIG. 30A is a forward elevation view of the mirror assembly of FIG. 30;

FIG. 31 is a partial rear exploded perspective view of a secondembodiment of the mirror assembly of FIGS. 9-14;

FIG. 32 is a partial rear exploded perspective view of a thirdembodiment of the interior rearview mirror assembly of FIGS. 9-14; and

FIG. 33 is a partial rear exploded perspective view of a thirdembodiment of the mirror assembly FIGS. 9-14.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

Referring to FIG. 1, the numeral 10 generally designates a firstembodiment of the interior rearview mirror assembly of the presentinvention. Assembly 10 is adapted to be releasably secured or coupled tothe front windshield W of a vehicle in a conventional manner.Alternatively, assembly 10 can be adapted to secure or couple to theheader portion of the vehicle above the windshield. Assembly 10 includesa mirror casing or housing 12 and a reflective element 14 which issupported in or on casing 12 in a conventional manner. Referring to FIG.2, in the illustrated embodiment, mirror assembly 10 is mounted towindshield W by a support arm 16 and a break-away mounting bracket ormirror mount 17 which releasably mounts to a conventional mirror buttonon windshield W. Preferably support arm 16 is a conventional double balltype support arm which permits multi axis positioning of casing 12 aboutbracket 17. It should be understood that any suitable type of supportarm may be employed for supporting mirror subassembly 10 within thevehicle, for example a single ball mount support or the like. Inaddition, break-away mounting bracket 17 may take one of several forms,such as those described and shown in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,820,097;5,615,857; 5,330,149; 5,100,095; or 4,936,533; the disclosures of whichare incorporated by reference herein in their entireties.

Mirror casing or housing 12 is preferably molded from a resinous plasticmaterial, such as an engineering polymer material, for example a fiberreinforced nylon plastic or an ABS plastic, or a polypropylene or othersimilar thermoplastic or thermoset materials. Mirror casing 12preferably includes a front bezel 12 a, which extends around a rearwardfacing opening 12 a′ (FIG. 2) of casing 12 and around a peripheralportion of reflective element 14. As used in this application, the termsrearward facing and forward facing are used to define directionsrelative to a vehicle when the mirror assembly is mounted in thevehicle. Rearward facing means the object is facing to the rear of thevehicle towards the driver and occupants of the vehicle. Forward facingmeans that it is facing forward of the vehicle towards the windshieldand so is typically (but not always) not substantially visible to thedriver. Bezel 12 a, which is formed separately from casing 12, ispreferably molded from a resinous plastic material similar to casing 12.It should be understood that casing 12 may include a retaining rim inlieu of separate bezel 12 a.

Rear surface 13 of casing 12 includes a recessed area 13 a in which isdisposed a mounting boss 15 and ball member 15 a on which support arm 16is mounted to enable the mirror assembly 10 to be releasably secured viabracket 17 to the vehicle windshield. Alternately, casing 12 may includea socket for receiving a ball member from support arm 16. Reference ismade to U.S. Pat. No. 4,930,742 for one example of a preferredbreak-away mounting. Another example of such a coupling is disclosed incommonly assigned U.S. Pat. No. 5,100,095 to Haan et al. An alternatemethod of securing support 16 is by attaching support 16 to a header,for example of the type disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,487,522;5,615,857; or 5,671,996; which are commonly assigned to DonnellyCorporation, and which are herein incorporated by reference in theirentireties. U.S. Pat. No. 5,487,522 discloses a mirror support bracketand illustrates a bracket which can be used on either a header orwindshield mounted mirror assembly. In the illustrated embodiment, aconventional mounting button is adhered to the windshield surface by alayer of conventionally known metal to glass adhesives such as polyvinylbutyral available from Monsanto Company of St. Louis, Mo. or by asilicone adhesive or the like.

Reflective element 14 preferably comprises a variable reflectanceelement, such as an electro-optic element. In most preferred form,reflective element 14 comprises an electrochromic mirror element, forexample one of several types of electrochromic mirror elements, such asan element of the electrochemichromic type which is disclosed in U.S.Pat. No. 5,140,455, or the solid-state type such as disclosed in, forexample, U.S. Pat. No. 4,712,879, U.S. Pat. No. 5,910,854, and U.S.patent application Ser. No. 08/238,521, filed Mar. 5, 1994, byVaraprassad et al. now U.S. Pat. No. 5,668,663, all commonly assignedwith the present application to Donnelly Corporation of Holland, Mich.,the disclosures of which are herein incorporated by reference in theirentireties. Other suitable electrochromic elements are described in U.S.Pat. Nos. 5,151,816 and 5,142,40, the disclosures of which areincorporated by reference herein.

Mirror assembly 10 may house a plurality of electrical or electronicdevices, such as antennas, including global positioning system (GPS) orcellular phone antennas, such as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,971,552, acommunication module, such as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,798,688,displays such as shown in U.S. Pat. No. 5,530,240 or in U.S. pendingapplication Ser. No. 09/244,726, filed Feb. 5, 1999, and applicationentitled “REARVIEW MIRROR ASSEMBLY WITH ADDED FEATURE MODULAR DISPLAY”filed Nov. 24, 1999, by Timothy Skiver et al., attorney Docket No. DON01P-702, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,329,925, blind spot detection systems, suchas disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,929,786 or 5,786,772, transmittersand/or receivers, such as garage door openers, a digital network, suchas described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,798,575, a high/low head lampcontroller, such as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,715,093, a memorymirror system, such as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,796,176, ahands-free phone attachment, a video device for internal cabinsurveillance and/or video telephone function, such as disclosed in U.S.Pat. Nos. 5,760,962 and 5,877,897, a remote keyless entry receiver, maplights, such as disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,938,321; 5,813,745;5,820,245; 5,673,994; 5,649,756; or 5,178,448, microphones, such asdisclosed in U.S. patent applications Ser. No. 09/361,814, filed Jul.27, 1999, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,201,642, 09/396,179, filed Sep. 14,1999,and now U.S. Pat. No. 6,278,377, and 09/199,907, filed Nov. 25, 1998,speakers, a compass, such as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,924,212, seatoccupancy detector, a trip computer, an ONSTAR System or the like, withall of the referenced patents and applications commonly assigned toDonnelly Corporation, the disclosures of which are herein incorporatedby reference in their entireties.

Referring to FIG. 2, mirror assembly 10 preferably includes a circuitboard 18, which includes electronic or electrical circuitry foractuating the variable reflectance of reflective element 14 and foroperating other electrical or electronic functions supported in rearviewassembly 10. Circuit board 18 may support, for example, light emittingdiodes (LED's) for illuminating indicia on display elements 12 b, 12 cor 12 c′ provided on chin of bezel 12 a or display areas provided onreflective element 14, or map or dash board lights 540, 542 (shown inFIG. 20). Circuit board 18 may be independently supported fromreflective element 14 or in casing 12 or may be mounted to reflectiveelement's rear surface 14 a on a separate plate or may be directlyadhered to the rear surface by a suitable adhesive. Reference is made toU.S. Pat. Nos. 5,671,996 and 5,820,245, the disclosures of which areherein incorporated by reference in their entireties. Though theillustrated embodiment illustrates the displays and/or buttons providedat the chin of the mirror housing bezel 12 a, it should be understoodthat one or more of these buttons or displays may be located elsewhereon the mirror assembly or separately in a module, for example of thetype disclosed in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/244,726 entitled“REARVIEW MIRROR ASSEMBLY INCORPORATING VEHICLE INFORMATION DISPLAY”,filed by Jonathon E. DeLine and Niall R. Lynam, now U.S. Pat. No.6,172,613, which is assigned to Donnelly Corporation of Holland, Mich.,the disclosure of which is herein incorporated by reference in itsentirety.

Referring to FIG. 3, casing 12 includes a storage space which isprovided by a cavity or recess 20 formed in bottom wall 22 of casing 12.Mounted in cavity 20 is a pendent accessory 24, which is preferablymounted in cavity 20 for movement between a fully retracted position(FIG. 8) in which a lower surface 24 a of pendent accessory 24 generallyfollows the contour of casing 12 and is preferably substantially flushwith a lower outer surface 22 a of lower wall 22 of casing 12. In theillustrated embodiment, pendent accessory 24 is mounted in cavity 20 onan extendible support arm 26 so that dependent accessory 24 may be movedbetween its retracted and extended positions. For example, support arm26 may comprise an extendable jack arm or spring-loaded telescoping armor the like such as is known in the art. As best seen in FIG. 6, supportarm 26 includes a ball joint 34 which extends into a receiving structure36, for example a socket structure, provided in housing 28. In thismanner, display accessory 24 is pivotally mounted to support arm 26 topermit repositioning of the display accessory about ball 34. Thus,pendent accessory 24 can be repositioned for easy access or viewing bythe driver of the vehicle or by a passenger of the vehicle other thanthe driver. While in the illustrated embodiment pendent accessory 24 isillustrated as being positioned offset from the center of mirror case,it should be understood that pendent accessory may be centrally locatedor located on a side of the case. Also, while illustrated in the Figuresas an accessory that extends downwards from the bottom of the rearviewmirror assembly (i.e. towards the vehicle floor) when mounted in thevehicle, a pendent accessory can extend upwards from the top of themirror assembly (i.e. towards the vehicle roof area) or sideways (i.e.towards the vehicle side) from either end of casing 12.

Referring to FIGS. 3-8, pendent accessory 24 includes a housing 28 andan element 30 which is positioned in a rearward facing opening 32 ofhousing 28. Element 30 may comprise a reflective element or mirror foruse by an occupant of the vehicle as a vanity mirror or as a mirror toview rear seat passengers (such as a flat, compound curvature, asphericor convex mirror reflector) such as a baby in a baby seat. Alternately,pendent accessory 24 can form a viewing screen for a baby minder system,such as the vehicle interior monitoring system described in U.S. Pat.Nos. 5,877,897 and 5,760,962 or the rear vision system described inpending U.S. patent applications Ser. No. 09/361,814 filed Jul. 27,1999, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,201,642, and Ser. No. 09/199,907 filed Nov.25, 1998, and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/433,467 (AttorneyDocket No. P-783) filed Nov. 4, 1999, entitled “VEHICLE INTERIOR MIRRORASSEMBLY” to Patrick Heslin and Niall R. Lynam, now U.S. Pat. No.6,326,613, all of which are incorporated by reference in theirentireties herein. An interior surveillance system permits the driver ofthe vehicle to observe behavior or the activities of babies or childrenor other passengers seated in the rear seat. This is especiallyadvantageous when the child or baby is in a rearward facing car seat,where the child or baby would ordinarily not be visible. For example, acamera, such as a CMOS or CCD camera, can be mounted to view the rearseat area of the vehicle so that the driver can view what is occurring,such as in a rear seat mounted baby seat or with a rear seat passengersuch as children. Preferably, to enable viewing of the rear seatoccupant or occupants even by night, the target field of view of thecamera may be illuminated in a manner that provides adequate visibilityfor the camera to discern what is occurring in the rear seat in adarkened vehicle cabin but not illuminating in a manner that causesglare, distraction, and/or discomfort to any vehicle occupants,including the driver and/or rear seat passengers. For example, such arear seat monitoring camera illumination is preferably achieved usingdirected low level non-incandescent light sources, such as lightemitting diodes (LEDs), organic light emitting material,electro-illuminescent sources, and the like, and most preferably suchnon-incandescent sources are low power and are directed low intensitysources, such as described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,938,321 and applicationentitled “INTERIOR MIRROR ASSEMBLY FOR A VEHICLE INCORPORATING ASOLID-STATE LIGHT SOURCE”, Ser. No. 09/287,926, filed Apr. 7, 1999, nowU.S. Pat. No. 6,139,172, which are incorporated herein by reference intheir entireties. The baby minder camera may be mounted as a part of therearview mirror assembly and, most preferably, may be mounted as a partof a header, including a front header of a roof or a rear header of aroof. It may be desirable to mount a baby minder camera to the rearheader of a roof when it is desirable to view rear facing child supportseats. Most preferably, a plurality of at least two, more preferably atleast four, and most preferably at least six LEDs (or similar low level,directed, low-current light sources such as electroluminescent sourcesand organic light emitting sources) are mounted with a camera (such asto form a ring around the camera) with the light projected from theindividual LEDs directed to be coincident with the camera field of viewand to illuminate the target area desired to be viewed. The LEDs beingdirected low level sources will not glare or cause discomfort tooccupants when illuminated. Further, camera illumination sources can beilluminated whenever the ignition switch is on to operate the vehicle orat least when the ignition switch is placed in an “accessory on”position so that both the camera and illumination lights are operatingon vehicle battery power even when parked. Alternately, the illuminationlights can be operational only when the baby minder camera is selectedto be operational. While it is preferred to use non-incandescent lights,incandescent light sources can be used, most preferably high intensity,low current incandescent light sources. For example, when the camera isactivated to view the rear seat or to view a baby seat or the like, thedome light in the vehicle, which typically comprises an incandescentlight source, can illuminate so that the rear seat area is illuminatedto assist visibility for the camera. A circuit or other device can beprovided that illuminates the dome light (or a similar rearseat-illuminating interior light source such as a rail lamp or the like)whenever the camera is selected to view the rear seat. Optionally, thedome light or similar interior light within the interior cabin, oncecaused to illuminate when the camera is activated, can cease toilluminate after a determined time interval (such as 5 seconds or tenseconds or longer) under the control of a timeout circuit or device. Byproviding a timeout, the driver can selectively view the status ofpassengers in the rear seat of the vehicle by selecting a baby-mindercamera or similar rear seat viewing function (such as by voice command,user-operated switch or the like). Upon selection of the camerafunction, whatever is being viewed on the video screen in the vehiclemay be interrupted (or superimposed over or the like), the interiorlight in the cabin (such as the dome light) will illuminate, a timeoutwill initiate, and the driver (or other front-seat occupant) can viewthe rear seat status for the duration of the timeout. Once the timeoutelapses, the interior light ceases to illuminate, and preferably, thecamera ceases to be activated and the video screen reverts to itspre-event status

Alternately, element 30 may comprise an information display element, inwhich element 30 conveys information to the vehicle operator and/orother occupants of the vehicle or may be a video screen or the like. Forexample, pendent accessory 24 may comprise a personal communicationdevice, such as a PALM organizer or the like, including a video screen,preferably a touch sensitive video screen such as PALM Pilot™ such as isavailable from 3COM, Corp. or the like, which is adapted for input bythe touch of a human finger or stylus. In which case, as described inreference to the following embodiments, assembly 10 may include anaccessory attachment member, for example such as attachment member 532(FIG. 20), 756, (FIG. 24), for holding a stylus pen which interacts withpendent assembly 24. Optionally, the stylus is tethered to the mirrorassembly, for example a coiled tether or a retractable tether or byother conventional means.

Display element 30 may perform a single display function or multipledisplay functions, such as providing indication of an additional vehiclefunction or functions, for example a compass mirror display function, atemperature display function, a tire pressure/status display function, astatus of inflation of tires display function, computer displayincluding e-mails and INTERNET access, a passenger air bag disableddisplay function, an automatic rain sensor operation display function,telephone dial information display function, highway status informationdisplay function, blind spot indicator display function, or the like.Such displays may be an alpha-numeric display or a multipixel display,and may be fixed or scrolling. In addition, display element 30 maycomprise a television screen and/or video screen. Display element 30 maycomprise a generally planar element or may comprise a convex element.Alternately, display element 30 may be separately formed and includetabs or receiving structures on either side adapted to fit withinreceiving structures or tabs, respectively, formed in the insidesurfaces of housing 26 for assembly after molding of housing 26.

Pendent accessory 24 optionally includes a second circuit board 31 (FIG.3), which is typically mounted adjacent and behind display element 30,which supports light emitting sources, such as light emitting diodes toprovide back lighting of display element 30. Light emitting diodesprovide low level non-incandescent white light for illuminating indiciaon display element 30. However, it should be understood that other LED'sproviding light and colors other than white, such as amber, red, blue,or the like may be used. Alternately, other light emitting elements canbe used to display information on display element 30, such asincandescent displays, vacuum fluorescent displays,electro-illuminescent displays, light emitting diode displays, cathoderay tube displays, field emission displays, E-ink displays, or organicemitting polymer displays or the like. Examples of displays may be foundin application entitled “REARVIEW MIRROR ASSEMBLY INCORPORATING VEHICLEINFORMATION”, Ser. No. 09/244,726, filed Feb. 5, 1999, by JonathanDeLine and Niall R. Lynam, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,172,613, or U.S. Pat. No.5,530,240, and U.S. Pat. No. 6,326,613 (Attorney Docket No. P-783) filedNov. 4, 1999, entitled “VEHICLE INTERIOR MIRROR ASSEMBLY” to PatrickHeslin and Niall R. Lynam, commonly assigned to Donnelly Corporation,which are herein incorporated by reference in their entireties.Alternately, circuit board 31 may also share components and providecircuitry for other electrical components in mirror assembly 10, thusilluminating the need for mounting such circuitry within the rearviewmirror assembly housing itself.

As noted previously, pendent accessory 24 may also incorporate anin-vehicle train approaching warning system. Such a train approachingwarning system alerts the driver of the vehicle of the eminent arrivalof a train at a railroad crossing. Such a warning system can activateaudible and/or visual alarms in the vehicle if a train is approaching.Such train warning displays may override any existing displays so thatthe driver is fully alert to any potential hazard. Vehicle to road-sidecommunication antennas can be attached to railroad signs, crossingbarriers, and the like and can transmit to antennas mounted in thevehicle located such as within assembly 10 or within an interior cabintrim item or side exterior rearview mirror assembly. One such track sidecommunication system is available form Dynamic Vehicle Safety Systems ofAmarillo, Tex., which detects signals from trains approaching a crossingand transmits these signals along the road to forewarn of a railroadcrossing ahead.

It is also possible to incorporate low level console or instrumentationlighting for vehicles in assembly 10 by fitting a low levelnon-incandescent light emitting light source such as a light emittingdiode for illuminating an instrument panel or console as disclosed incommonly assigned U.S. Pat. No. 5,671,996, the disclosure of which ishereby incorporated by reference. In this embodiment, a singleinstrument light 13 may be provided on an opposed end of mirror casing12 and may include a variety of emitting sources such as high intensityamber and reddish orange light emitting diode sources, such as solidstate light emitting diode LED sources utilizing double hydro junctionAIGaAs/GaAs Material Technology such as very high intensity red LEDlamps T/1•(5 mm) HLMP-4100/4101 available from Hewlett PackardCorporation of Pallo Alto, Calif., or transparent substrate aluminumindium gallium phosphide (AlInGaP) Material Technology, commerciallyavailable from Hewlett Packard Corporation, of Pallo Alto, Calif. Also,blue or white LEDs can be used or a combination of individual differentcolored diodes can be used with the color mixing therefrom to form adesired color. Optionally, a plurality of LEDs such as a cluster offour, six, eight or the like LEDs can be used to target and illuminate alocal area for higher illumination at that area, such as may be usefulin a map light (most preferably illuminating the target area with whitelight). The concepts of this present invention can be used with otherinterior rearview mirror assemblies which are equipped with a variety offeatures and accessories, such as a home access transmitter, a high/low(or daylight running beam/low) headlamp controller, a hands free phoneattachment, a video device, such as a video camera for internal cabinsurveillance and/or video telephone function, a remote keyless entryreceiver, a compass, a seat occupancy detection, multiple readinglights, a trip computer, an intrusion detector, and the like. Displayelement 30 may also include a compass/temperature and a clock display,fuel level display, and other vehicle status and other informationdisplays.

As it would be understood by those skilled in the art, the electricallyoperated display and other devices optionally provided in pendentaccessory 24 are conveniently connected to the electrical system of thevehicle in which the present invention is mounted via electrical wiring31 a (FIG. 3). The use of pendent accessory 24 with display element 30comprising the instant invention in conjunction with electricallyoperated interior rearview mirrors has the further advantage ofpermitting electrical coupling of the display element to the powersupply of the vehicle by the pre-existing wire harnesses serving therearview mirror. Thus, the electrical coupling of the display elementcan be by direct connection with the existing wire harness or inparallel through an adapter plug. This particularly facilitates aretrofit such as might occur as in the after-market or at a dealershipthat is a result of an option selection. Alternately, the interiormirror assembly can include a vehicle power socket, connected to thevehicle ignition system or battery electrical system, (such as thecigarette lighter type socket conventional on many automobile) intowhich other accessories can be plugged (such as in FIG. 25). Forexample, a “cigarette-lighter” type of socket can be provided at therear or at the bottom of the interior mirror case, into which a vehicleoccupant can plug an electrically operated (typically 12V) accessorysuch as a radar detector or the like.

Pendent accessory housing 28 preferably comprises a similar material tocasing 12 so that when element 30 is moved to its retracted position asshown in FIG. 8, the lower surface 28 a of housing 28 will generallymatch the surface and color of mirror casing 12. Referring to FIG. 7a,support arm 26 preferably comprises a spring loaded support arm andincludes an elongated shaft 40 on which ball member 34 is mounted. Asbest seen in FIGS. 7 and 8, housing 28 may include a recessed surface38, for example an elongated depression which provides tactileidentification of housing 28 and when pushed releases pendent accessory24 from its retracted position so that pendent accessory 24 can beextended and retracted from the storage space and optionally swiveledand/or universally pivoted about ball member 34 to a desiredorientation. Similarly, when returned to its recessed position orstorage space, recessed surface 38 is pressed to relatch pendentaccessory 24 in its retracted position within casing 12. Such mechanismsare conventional and well known. In this manner, the occupant of thevehicle can quickly selectively insert the pendent accessory into itsstorage space within case 12 and quickly extend or remove the accessoryfrom its storage space for personal use or use by another occupant ofthe vehicle.

As best seen in FIG. 6, housing 28 of display assembly 24 includes oneor more recessed gripping surfaces 42 and 44 to permit easy adjustmentof the position of housing 28 about support arm 26. In the illustratedembodiment, surfaces 42 and 44 comprise round indentations, but itshould be understood that other shapes may be used. Furthermore,surfaces 42 and 44 provide tactile identification of housing 28 topermit quick adjustment with minimal distraction to the driver.

By selectively and extensibly positioning a display element or a vanitymirror below casing 12 on the end of casing 12 closer to the passengerside of the vehicle, as shown in FIGS. 3-8, the obstruction to thevehicle operator is minimized. Furthermore, the accessory is located ina position which is well known to the driver and, therefore, requireslittle concentration to use, and such movement in reaching for theaccessory is almost automatic. Such automatic actions require far lessattention than actions requiring new movement and will consequentlyminimize the distraction to the driver as well. Optionally, pendentaccessory 24 may be provided with other electrical or electronicfeatures or accessories, such as previously described in reference tomirror assembly 10.

Referring to FIG. 8A, mirror assembly 10′ may include a video screen13′. In the illustrated embodiment, display screen 13′ is placed to theside of reflector 14′ in casing 12′. In preferred form, display screen13′ is separate from reflector 14′. Most preferably, video screen 13′ iscanted toward the driver when mirror housing 12′ is in its normallyadjusted position. Video screen 13′ can display output from such as arear vision back-up camera, such as disclosed in applications Ser. No.09/199,907, filed Nov. 25, 1998, and 09/361,814 filed Jul. 27, 1999, nowU.S. Pat. No. 6,201,642, commonly assigned to Donnelly Corporation, thedisclosures of which are herein incorporated by reference in theirentireties, a baby minder camera, such as the vehicle interiorsurveillance camera disclosed previously, vehicle instrument status,such as vehicle information display, such as information relating tofuel gauge levels and the like. Referring to FIG. 8B, mirror assembly10″ may include a pair of screen displays 13 a″ and 13 b″. In theillustrated embodiment, displays 13 a″ and 13 b″ are positioned in case12″ at opposed sides adjacent reflective element 14″. Preferably,displays 13 a″ and 13 b″ are similarly positioned behind bezel 12 a″ sothat displays 13 a″ and 13 b″ generally lie in the same plane asreflective element 14″. Optionally, cameras (not shown) may be mountedin case 12″ on either side as part of the interior mirror assembly, withone camera feeding display element 13 a″ and the other camera feedingdisplay element 13 b″.

Referring to FIGS. 9-14, the numeral 110 designates a second embodimentof the rearview mirror assembly of the present invention. Mirrorassembly 110 includes a mirror casing or housing 112, bezel or retainingrim 112 a, and a reflective element 114 supported in mirror housing 112.The material of housing 112 is similar to housing 12; therefore,reference is made to housing 12 for further details of suitablematerials. Similar reference is made to the first embodiment for furtherdetails of mirror reflective element 114.

Extending rearwardly from housing 112 is a mirror support arm 116, whichmounts mirror housing 112 by way of a mounting bracket or mirror mountsimilar to bracket 17 onto a mirror mounting button (not shown) providedon most conventional windshields to form a break-away assembly.Reference is made to support arm 16 and bracket 17 for details of onepreferred support arm and preferred mounting arrangements.

As best seen in FIGS. 10-13, housing 112 includes a storage space 122for holding or storing an accessory 124. In the illustrated embodiment,accessory 124 comprises a light assembly, such as a flashlight assembly.However, accessory 124 may comprise a cellular phone, a phone module,pager, INTERNET connector, or the like. In the case of docking atelecommunication device such as a phone or a pager, the mirror assemblyis preferably adapted to connect to the telecommunication device such asa phone in a manner such that the vehicle control system will recognizethe phone and, optionally, direct incoming phone calls to speakers,which may be located in the mirror assembly or elsewhere in the vehicle.In this manner, the dockable phone may provide removable hands-freephone function. Furthermore, in one form, the phone may automatically beactivated by the occupant's voice or a switch or by the docking of thephone onto the mirror assembly. In this manner, the phone may be removedwhen the occupant exits the car for normal remote use or may be dockedfor hands-free use.

In preferred form, storage space 122 is provided on forward facing sideor back wall 113 of housing 112 and comprises a recessed area whichextends from an upper wall 112 a of housing 112 to a lower wall 112 b ofhousing 112. In this manner, storage space 122 is hidden from view fromthe occupant of the vehicle, but readily accessible by the driver orother occupants of the vehicle. In preferred form, light assembly 124includes a housing 126, and a removable lens 128 which form a unitarybody 130. Body 130 preferably includes a suitable battery or batteries,which may be rechargeable. Body 130 is preferably commensurate in shapewith the outer surface 131 of housing 112 such that when light assembly124 is mounted in storage space 122, the outer surfaces 130 a of unitarybody 130 follow the contours of housing 112 and, further, the outersurfaces 130 a of unitary body 130 are generally flush with surface ofhousing 112 surrounding storage surface 122. In this manner, when lightassembly 124 is mounted to housing 112, light assembly 124 forms aunitary body having matched and corresponding contours which are flushwith housing 112. As would be understood by those skilled in the art,housing 126 supports a bulb and a battery, preferably a rechargeablebattery. In preferred form, housing 126 supports a pair of batterycontacts 131 a which align with contacts 131 b provided on casing 112 topermit quick recharging of the battery or batteries inside housing viathe vehicle electrical system without the need for disassembling lightassembly 124. Alternately, the interior rearview mirror assembly mayinclude a power source, such as a recharger, such as housing 112, thatrecharges the battery or batteries in the dockable accessory, which isstored or attached thereto. As previously noted, such dockableaccessories can include pagers, cellular phones, flash lights or thelike. In this manner, accessory 124 can be docked for recharging. In thecase of the light assembly, the light assembly can be docked for use asa map reading light or the like. When undocked, light assembly 124 maybe used as a flashlight, as previously noted.

In the case of a dockable phone, housing 112 optionally includes atleast one speaker and microphone, such as disclosed in U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 09/382,720, filed Aug. 25, 1999, by Niall R. Lynamet al., now U.S. Pat. No. 6,243,003. When the phone is docked, the phonemay be optionally connected to the vehicle system such that the vehiclesystem enables the speakers and microphones to provide hands-freeoperation of the phone. Actuation of the hands-free phone may beachieved when the phone is docked or by a separate switch mounted, forexample on the dashboard or, alternately, to the interior mirrorassembly.

Alternately, the phone module of a cellular or digital phone may bedocked on the mirror housing such that the vehicle system couples thephone module to the speakers and microphones to provide a hands-freephone system. In this manner, the module can be quickly and easilydocked and, further, removed for replacement into the phone housing.

In addition, when either the phone or phone module is docked, as cellphone calls become traceable through a global positioning system (GPS),emergency phone calls may be forwarded or routed to the correctemergency agency for that location. Since each phone has a uniqueidentifier, GPS can identify a phone and, further, identify the locationof that phone. For example, the phone or mirror assembly may include aseparate emergency button which can be activated by an occupant of thevehicle to notify local emergency agencies that an occupant of thevehicle is in need for emergency assistance. For example, tracing of thephone may be incorporated into or used in conjunction with a vehiclenavigation system, such as described in copending provisionalapplication Ser. No. 60/131,593, filed Apr. 29, 1999, entitled“VEHICLE-BASED NAVIGATION SYSTEM WITH SMART MAP FILTERING, PORTABLE UNITHOME-BASE REGISTRATION AND MULTIPLE NAVIGATION SYSTEM PREFERENTIAL USE”,which is herein incorporated by reference in its entirety. Where thevehicle is equipped with a GPS system, the GPS system can monitor themovement of the vehicle, and by knowing that the vehicle has moved fromone location to another, and because the GPS knows the geographicposition of both locations relative to each other, the navigation systemcan determine the directional heading of the vehicle, and furnish thisas a compass heading signal for display as a compass display such as atthe interior mirror assembly.

A variety of electrical and electronic features can be incorporated intothe rearview mirror assembly, such as those disclosed in U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 09/433,467 (Attorney Docket No. P-783) filed Nov.4, 1999, entitled “VEHICLE INTERIOR MIRROR ASSEMBLY” to Patrick Heslinand Niall R. Lynam, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,326,613, commonly assigned toDonnelly Corporation, which is herein incorporated by reference in itsentirety. For example, a microphone or a plurality of microphones may beincorporated, preferably to provide hands-free input to a wirelesstelecommunication system such as the ONSTAR™ system in use in GeneralMotors vehicles. Most preferably such microphones provide input to anaudio system that transmits and communicates wirelessly with a remotetransceiver, preferably in voice recognition mode. Such systems aredescribed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,243,003, the disclosure of which is herebyincorporated by reference herein.

In this regard it may be desirable to use audio processing techniquessuch as digital sound processing to ensure that vocal inputs to thevehicular audio system are clearly distinguished from cabin ambientnoise such as from wind noise, HVAC, and the like. Digital soundprocessing techniques, as known in the acoustics arts and such as aredisclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,959,865 entitled “A METHOD FOR INDICATINGTHE PRESENCE OF SPEECH IN AN AUDIO SIGNAL”, issued Sep. 25, 1990, toStettiner et al. (the disclosure of which incorporated by referenceherein), are particularly useful to enhance clarity of vocal signaldetection when a single microphone is used, located in the interiormirror assembly such as in casing 12, as part of a vehicular wirelesscommunication system such as General Motors' ONSTAR™ system. Use ofdigital signal processing and a single mirror-mounted microphone (suchas is described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/396,179, filedSep. 14,1999, entitled “INDICATOR FOR VEHICLE ACCESSORY”, now U.S. Pat.No. 6,278,377, the disclosure of which is incorporated by referenceherein) is particularly advantageous for economical achievement of clearand error-free transmission from the vehicle, while operating along ahighway, to a remote receiver, particularly in speech-recognition mode.Although advantageous with a single mirror-mounted microphone (or for amicrophone mounted elsewhere in the vehicle cabin such as in the headerregion), digital sound processing is also beneficial when multiplemicrophones are used. For example a first microphone, mounted in themirror casing 12, can be directed principally towards the mouth of thedriver and a second microphone can be directed so as to detect vehicularambient noise such from HVAC, windshield vibration etc. A signalindicative of the ambient noise can be generated by processing theoutput of the second microphone, and this signal can be subtracted froma signal generated by processing the output of the first microphone toform a signal substantially representative of the speech picked up bythe first microphone. Techniques and circuitry to achieve such speechenhancement are known in the acoustics art, such as are disclosed inU.S. Pat. No. 5,381,473, issued Jan. 10, 1995, entitled “NOISECANCELLATION APPARATUS” to D. Andrea, the disclosure of which is herebyincorporated by reference herein. Also, noise cancellation techniquessuch as destructive interference can advantageously be used, whereby thesignal as picked up by the microphone is processed, the human vocalsignal is distinguished from the noise signal, and whereby the noisesignal is fed back 180 degrees out of phase with itself in order tocancel out the noise by destructive interference and so enhance thevocal signal to background noise ratio. Digital sound processing ispreferably accomplished using a microprocessor. A variety ofmicroprocessors can be used such as a single-chip microcomputeroptimized for digital signal processing and high speed numericprocessing such as the ADSP-218x digital signal processors such as theADSP-2186 single-chip microcomputer, which integrates 40 kilobytes ofon-chip memory (including 8K words (24-bit) of program RAM and 8K words(16-bit) of data RAM) along with serial ports, DMA ports, timers, I/Olines, and interrupt capabilities. The ADSP-2186 microcomputer and theADSP-218x digital signal processors are available from Analog Devices,Inc., Norwood, Mass. In a vehicle wireless communication systeminstalled in a vehicular cabin, location of the microphone(s) in theinterior mirror assembly (such as in casing 12) is advantageous. Fordigital sound processing of the sound signal detected by themirror-mounted microphone, an analog to digital converter can be alsolocated at the interior rearview mirror assembly (such as in casing 12)that converts the analog microphone sensor output to digital form. Themicroprocessor for performing the digital sound processing algorithmsand analysis can also be located at the interior rearview mirrorlocation (such as in casing 12). Alternately, the microprocessorperforming the digital sound processing analysis can be locatedelsewhere in the vehicle cabin (such as in the vehicle dash, preferablysharing circuitry with other functions of the vehicle wirelesscommunication system), and with the digitized output signal from the A/Dconverter linked to the mirror-mounted microphone being fed to themicroprocessor via a wire link or via a car area network (a.k.a.controlled area network) or via a vehicular local area network or via anin-cabin, short-range radio transmission network such as via theBLUETOOTH system described below.

Preferably the microphone interfaces to an audio system that includes ananalog to digital converter and/or a digital to analog converter for thepurpose of converting the analog output of the microphone to a digitalsignal for input to a digital sound processor and for conversion of thedigital output of a digital sound processor to an analog signal forwireless transmission to a remote transceiver. Digital sound processingtechniques may be used to enhance the vocal signal to background noisediscrimination ratio. Also, both analog and digital audio filteringtechniques can be used to enhance the vocal to background noise ratio,and so assist clarity of transmission and/or receipt at a remotereceiver and so improve accuracy in voice recognition mode. Also,physical techniques such as sound insulation, acoustic wave guides,angling of microphones to selectively detect speech versus backgroundnoise, use of a directed microphone directed to a potential humanspeaker in conjunction with a more omnidirectional microphone/sensormicrophone intended to detect background noise can be used. Techniquesuseful to enhance vocal to noise signal ratio include use of analogand/or digital low-pass filtering to limit examination of signal contentto, for example, less than 1000 Hz. or less than 750 Hz. (and so helpdistinguish vocal signal from noise signals), include use of syllabicrate filtering such as is described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,484,344, includeuse of a hangover time function such as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No.4,187, 396, include use of a digital sound switch and dual thresholddetection such as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,052,568 and include noisecanceling microphones and techniques such as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No.5,909,495 (the disclosures of the above cited U.S. patents areincorporated by reference herein). The vehicular microphone can bevoice-activated such as by a digital voice operated switch such as isdisclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,251,263, the disclosure of which isincorporated by reference herein. An adaptive signal processing systemcan be used to enhance vocal to noise ratio. Adaptive noise cancellationtechniques can be used to produce a speech indication signal in responseto detection of voice information in the presence of backgroundvehicular noise such as are described in “Adaptive Noise Canceling:Principles and Applications” Proc. IEEE, vol. 63, pp. 1692-1716,December 1975 by B. Widrow et al., and “Adaptive Noise Canceling forSpeech Signals”, IEEE Trans. Acoust. Speech and Sig. Proc., vol.ASSP-26, No. 5, October 1978, by M. Sambur, and U.S. Pat. No. 5,033,082entitled “COMMUNICATION SYSTEM WITH ACTIVE NOISE CANCELLATION”, issuedJul. 16, 1999, to Eriksson et al, and U.S. Pat. No. 5,251,263 entitled“ADAPTIVE NOISE CANCELLATION AND SPEECH ENHANCEMENT SYSTEM AND APPARATUSTHEREOF”, issued Oct. 5, 1993, to Andrea et al, the disclosures of whichare hereby incorporated herein in their entirety. Mechanicalcancellation of ambient noise can be provided, as can a noise cancelingpressure gradient microphone, preferably in conjunction with acousticports including voice and noise ports. Such a system is disclosed inWorld Patent publication WO 9817046 A1 to D. Andrea, published Apr. 23,1998, and entitled “NOISE CANCELING ACOUSTICAL IMPROVEMENT TO WIRELESSTELEPHONE OR CELLULAR PHONE”, the disclosure of which is herebyincorporated by reference. A pressure gradient microphone, as known inthe acoustic arts, can be used to reduce the background vehicular noiseas detected by a vehicular mirror-mounted microphone, or alternatively,an acoustic feedback system, preferably including compensation filters,can be used. Also, closed-loop active noise reduction techniques andother noise reduction techniques can be used such as disclosed in U.S.Pat. Nos. 2,972,018; 3,098,121; 4,833,719; 4,878,188; 4,977,600; and5,138,664, and in Japanese Patent Abstract No. 3-169199, the disclosuresof which are incorporated by reference herein. An adaptive noisecancellation and speech enhancement system and apparatus suitable to usea vehicle with a mirror-mounted microphone is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No.5,251,263, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein.This adaptive noise cancellation system is particularly beneficial whenmultiple vehicular microphones are used. Other noise cancellationtechniques useful for vehicular microphones, and particularly formirror-mounted microphones that provide in put to wireless communicationsystems, particularly in voice-recognition mode, are disclosed in U.S.Pat. Nos. 5,732,143; 5,825,897; and 5,673,325, the disclosures of whichare incorporated by reference herein.

Also, an indicator such as disclosed in U.S. patent application Ser. No.09/396,179, filed Sep. 14, 1999, entitled “INDICATOR FOR VEHICLEACCESSORY”, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,278,377, the disclosure of which isincorporated by reference herein, can be incorporated into the interiormirror assembly that indicates to the driver and/or passengers thatspeech being detected by a mirror-mounted microphone (or a microphonelocated elsewhere in the vehicle cabin such as in a header console) isbeing transmitted and received clearly and error-free by a remotewireless receiver such as an ONSTAR™ operator or a voice recognitionsystem such as is common when calling airlines, services and the like.For example, the signal as wirelessly transmitted from the audio systemin the vehicle to the remote receiver may be echoed or retransmittedback to the vehicle where, upon receipt of the retransmitted signal atthe vehicle, an in-vehicle voice recognition system interprets theas-received retransmitted signal and either speaks the words/numbersinterpreted to the driver for confirmation, or displays the message asreceived in the vehicle after retransmission so the driver/passengerreceives and audible and/or visual indication of what the remote voicerecognition transcriber is receiving. If the in-vehicle voicerecognition system/in-vehicle indicator is not indicating the expectedmessage, then the driver/passenger will know that the originaltransmission to the remote voice recognition system was not clear andcontained error, and take appropriate action such as repeating themessage. By retransmitting back to the vehicle, and confirmingin-vehicle, the vehicle occupants can be assured that wirelesstransmission to the like of a voice recognition system is clear anderror-free.

The interior mirror assembly may include a variety of informationdisplays such as a PSIR (Passenger Side Inflatable Restraint) display,an SIR (Side-Airbag Inflatable Restraint), compass/temperature display,a tire pressure status display or other desirable displays, such asthose described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/244,726, filedFeb. 5, 1999 now U.S. Pat. No. 6,172,613, the disclosure of which ishereby incorporated by reference herein.

For example, the interior rearview mirror assembly may include a displayof the speed limit applicable to the location where the vehicle istravelling. Conventionally, speed limits are posted as a fixed limit(for example, 45 MPH) that is read by the vehicle driver upon passing asign. As an improvement to this, an information display (preferably analphanumerical display and more preferably, a reconfigurable display)can be provided within the vehicle cabin, readable by the driver, thatdisplays the speed limit at whatever location on the road/highway thevehicle actually is at any moment. For example, existing speed limitsigns could be enhanced to include a transmitter that broadcasts a localspeed limit signal, such signal being received by an in-vehicle receiverand displayed to the driver. The speed limit signal can be transmittedby a variety of wireless transmission methods, such as radiotransmission, and such systems can benefit from wireless transmissionprotocols and standards, such as the BLUETOOTH low-cost, low-power radiobased cable replacement or wireless link based on short-rangeradio-based technology. BLUETOOTH enables creation of a short-range(typically 30 feet or so although longer and shorter ranges arepossible), wireless personal area network via small radio transmittersbuilt into various devices. For example, transmission can be on a 2.45gigahertz band, moving data at about 721 kilobits per second, or faster.BLUETOOTH, and similar systems, allow creation of an in-vehicle areanetwork. Conventionally, features and accessories in the vehicle orwired together. Thus, for example, an interior electrochromic mirror andan exterior electrochromic mirror is connected by at least one wire inorder to transmit control signal and the like. With BLUETOOTH andsimilar systems, control commands can be broadcast between the interiormirror and the exterior mirror (and vice versa) without the need forphysical wiring interconnecting the two. Likewise, the two exteriormirror assemblies on the vehicle can exchange, transmit and/or receivecontrol commands/signals (such as of memory position or the like such asis described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,798,575, the disclosure of which ishereby incorporated by reference herein) via an in-vehicle short-rangeradio local network such as BLUETOOTH. Similarly, tire pressure sensorsin the wheels can transmit via BLUETOOTH to a receiver in the interiormirror assembly, and tire pressure status can be displayed, preferablyat the interior rearview mirror. In the case of the dynamic speed limitsystem described above, preferably, the in-vehicle receiver is locatedat and/or the display of local speed limit is displayed at the interiormirror assembly (for example, a speed limit display can be located in achin or eyebrow portion of the mirror case, such as in the mirrorreflector itself, such as in the cover 40, or such as in a pod attachedto the interior mirror assembly). More preferably, the actual speed ofthe vehicle can be displayed simultaneously with and beside the localspeed limit in-vehicle display and/or the difference or excess theretocan be displayed. Optionally, the wireless-based speed limittransmission system can actually control the speed at which a subjectvehicle travels in a certain location (such as by controlling an enginegovernor or the like). Thus, a school zone speed limit can be enforcedby transmission of a speed-limiting signal into the vehicle. Likewise,different classes of vehicles can be set for different speed limits forthe same stretch of highway. The system may also require driveridentification and then set individual speed limits for individualdrivers reflecting their skill level, age, driving record and the like.Moreover, a global positioning system (GPS) can be used to locate aspecific vehicle, calculate its velocity on the highway, verify what theallowed speed limit is at that specific moment on that specific stretchof highway, transmit that specific speed limit to the vehicle fordisplay (preferably at the interior rearview mirror that the driverconstantly looks at as part of the driving task) and optionally alertthe driver or retard the driver's ability to exceed the speed limit asdeemed appropriate. A short-range, local communication system such asenvisaged in the BLUETOOTH protocol finds broad utility in vehicularapplications, and particularly where information is to be displayed atthe interior mirror assembly, or where a microphone or user-interface(such as buttons to connect/interact with a remote wireless receiver) isto be located at the interior (or exterior) rearview mirror assembly.For example, a train approaching a railway crossing may transmit awireless signal such as a radio signal (using the BLUETOOTH protocol oranother protocol) and that signal may be received by and/or displayed atthe interior rearview mirror assembly (or the exterior sideview mirrorassembly). Also, the interior rearview mirror and/or the exterior sideview mirrors can function as transceivers/display locations/interfacelocations for intelligent vehicle highway systems, using protocols suchas the BLUETOOTH protocol. Protocols such as BLUETOOTH, as known in thetelecommunications art, can facilitate voice/data, voice over data,digital and analogue communication and vehicle/external wirelessconnectivity, preferably using the interior and/or exterior mirrorassemblies as transceiver/display/user-interaction sites. Electronicaccessories to achieve the above can be accommodated in casing 12,and/or elsewhere in the interior mirror assembly (such as in the housingdisclosed in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/433,467 (AttorneyDocket No. P-783) filed Nov. 4, 1999, entitled “VEHICLE INTERIOR MIRRORASSEMBLY” to Patrick Heslin and Niall R. Lynam, now U.S. Pat. No.6,326,613.

Providing a docking capability and/or storage space for the like of acellular phone has several advantages, especially when used inconjunction with an in-vehicle microphone and ONSTAR™ or similarvehicular wireless communication system. In such a system, the vehicletypically comes equipped from the original equipment manufacturer(typically an automaker such as General Motors, Ford or the like) withan excellent radio/CD/tape audio system with good speakers, amplifiers,graphic equalizers etc. Coupled with a high quality microphone, thequality and power of the vehicular audio system typically exceeds thatfound in a hand-held cellular phone. Also, when the vehicle is equippedwith an ONSTAR™ system, the vehicle is typically already provided with aquality wireless transmitting/receiving antenna, and often with a GPSsystem as well. Thus, providing a docking function (preferably at theinterior rearview mirror but at other location such as the headerconsole or the like is contemplated) has advantages beyond providing arecharging power source to the personal hand-held phone (or pager or thelike). Once docked (which encompasses linking the portable unit to theinterior mirror assembly via a cable or via a cable-less connection suchas by a remote IR link), the driver and/or passengers can optionally andpreferably make and receive telephone calls via their docked personalphone, but with the audio system being provided by the in-vehicle,pre-existing, speakers, amplifiers, microphone etc. Preferably, whenevera phone call is initiated, any radio station or other music or playthough the vehicle audio system is turned off for the duration of thephone call. Also, the ringing tone indicating a call is being receivedat the docked personal phone preferably sounds through the car audiosystem so that it is audible even if the car audio is playing music orthe like. In this manner, the driver and/or passenger can be contactedvia their personal cellular phone number while driving on the highway.As regulations increase forbidding the use cellular phones whiledriving, unless hands-free, use of the existing vehicle audio system tomake and receive calls is advantageous as quality of sound is enhancedthereby. The present invention contemplates a personal cellular phonehaving a detachable module that includes the circuitry that makes thatphone specific and unique in terms of caller identifier. Thus, when thedriver, for example, enters the vehicle, he/she detaches the identifiermodule from the personal mobile hand-held cellular phone and plugs it toa receiving portion of the in-vehicle wireless transmission system (thatmay comprise an antenna, speakers, an amplifier, a microphone, a keypadetc). Once the identifier module is plugged into the vehicular wirelesscommunication system, the vehicle wireless communication system nowemulates the hand-held personal phone, allowing calls be made orreceived at the personal phone number of the owner of the personalcellular phone. All such in-vehicle communication can be invoice-recognition mode, or a keypad can be provided for the driver tokey in a phone number. Although illustrated here for a cellular phone,these concepts have broad application to like of hand-held computers andthe like. Also, soon all cellular phone calls will be traceable as tothe geographic location of the call. Thus, by making a call from thevehicle, the location of the vehicle is traceable by the likes of thephone service provider such as MCI, SPRINT and the like. Thus, thegeographic location of the vehicle can be identified by the driverplacing a call. A user-operated “SOS” button can be provided in thevehicle such that, when activated, a cellular phone call is initiated,this call is directed to the cellular phone company, the cellular phonecompany identifies the vehicle's location, and the cellular serviceprovider, once the vehicle's location is identified, automaticallyconnects the phone to the emergency “911” service particular to thelocation of the vehicle. Thus, no matter where the call is made from,the driver of the vehicle is automatically connected to the emergencyservices.

Also, where a dockable accessory is used and in other situations, theinterior mirror assembly may include a recharging unit and/or a lowvoltage (typical less than 10 volts, such as 5 volts or lower) powersource (preferably of direct current power) to power the likes of acellular phone, lap-top computer of the like. A socket for this purposemay be provided on the mirror casing 12 (or elsewhere on the interiormirror assembly), or a powering and/or recharging cable can be stores incasing 12, and pulled out (preferably under spring-load so as toautomatically rewind) as required to power the accessory. Preferably,the recharging unit, including any associated electronic circuitry, ishoused in casing 12 of the interior rearview mirror assembly.

Referring to FIG. 9, housing 126 of light assembly 124 is preferablymade from a similar material to housing 112 so that when light assembly124 is docked or mounted to housing 112, outer surface 126 a of housing126 blends with or matches outer surface 131 of housing 112. Lens 128preferably includes an outer surface 128 a which is substantiallycontinuous with outer surface 126 a of housing 126 and further includesa rounded end portion 128 b, which generally follows the outer periphery112 e of housing 112. In this manner, when light assembly 124 is mountedto housing 112, light assembly 124 follows the contours of housing 112and provides a smooth substantially continuous surface with outersurface 131 of housing 112. Examples of suitable materials for lens 128may be found are acrylic and polycarbonate.

As best understood from FIGS. 9 and 11, light assembly 124 optionallyincludes a pair of engagement surfaces 132 which provide tactileidentification of assembly 124 so that assembly 124 can be quicklylocated without visual contact. In addition, engagement surfaces 132provide gripping surfaces for the occupant so that light assembly 124can be quickly disengaged from housing 112 or returned to or docked inits storage space on the rear wall or forward facing side of housing112.

In preferred form, storage space 122 is defined by a first generallyplanar recessed wall section 134 (FIG. 14) of housing 112 which extendsalong an axis 136. Axis 136 is generally parallel to the reflectiveelement assembly 114. Planar surface 134 is bounded by upper and lowerwalls 112 b and 112 c and end wall 112 d of housing 112 and further by asecond planar recessed wall 138 of housing 112. In the preferredembodiment, second planar recessed wall 138 extends at a slight angle toan axis 140 (see FIG. 9) which is substantially orthogonal to axis 136and to upper and lower walls 112 b and 112 c of housing 112. Similar toplanar wall 134, planar wall 138 extends between upper and lower walls112 a and 112 b to form with planar wall 134, a slightly open, L-shapedconfiguration. In preferred form, planar wall 134 includes one or moreprojecting members 142 (FIG. 14), for example bayonet type connectors,which extend outwardly from planar wall 134. In the illustratedembodiment, planar wall 134 includes four projecting members 142 forengaging corresponding receiving structures, for example openings 144provided on housing 126 of light assembly 124 (FIG. 13). Receivingstructures 144 are configured to receive projecting members 142 and toreleasably couple light assembly 124 to housing 112, as would beunderstood by those skilled in the art. Alternately, housing 112 mayinclude receiving structures with light assembly 124 includingprojecting members. Other releasable couplers which may be used includerails that provide a sliding arrangement of light assembly 124 ontohousing 112. In addition, light assembly 124 may be coupled to housing112 by Velcro or magnets or a combination of magnets and metal inserts.In this manner, light assembly 124 may be quickly and easily removedfrom housing 112 for use by the operator or passenger of the vehicle.

Referring to FIG. 15 and FIG. 15A, a third embodiment 210 of therearview mirror assembly of the present invention is illustrated.Rearview mirror assembly 210 includes a mirror casing or housing 212 anda reflective element 214, similar to the first and second embodiments.Housing 212 is mounted to a windshield button B, which is adhered towindshield W in a conventional manner, by a break-away mounting bracketor mirror mount 217 and support arm 216. Reference is made to supportarm 16 and bracket 17 for further details. As noted in reference to thefirst embodiment, mirror assembly 210 may be alternately mounted to aheadliner of a vehicle, as would be understood by those skilled in theart. Housing 212 includes a bezel or retaining rim 212 a which extendsaround the periphery of the rearward opening of housing 212 and over aperipheral edge portion of reflective element 214. Bezel 212 a mayoptionally include one or more displays, buttons, or indicators, such asLED's, as noted in reference to the first embodiment.

In the illustrated embodiment, mirror housing 212 includes a storagespace 222 for storing accessories, for example sun glasses, tools,including pocket knives or Swiss army knives, pencils, keys, coins,paper money, credit cards, pass cards, including toll cards, accesscards, paperwork, such as registration or insurance papers, or the like.In addition, storage space 222 may be used for holding trash, such asscrap paper, food or candy wrappers, or the like. As used herein,“accessories” includes a wide range of objects that can be used by thedriver or other occupants of the vehicle, including money, tools,including writing instruments, parking receipts, glasses, gloves,cosmetics, paper products, such as writing pads, kleenex, cleaningproducts, such as wipes, eye glass cleaning supplies, cards, such asbusiness cards, credit cards, access cards, or the like. It should beunderstood that this list of objects is not exhaustive and merely anexample of the various objects that can be stored in the mirrorlocation. In the illustrated embodiment, storage space 222 comprises anopen storage space defined by a trough-shaped recess 224 which extendsinto top wall 212 b of housing 212 and which includes an access opening222 a. It should be understood that the shape of the storage space maybe adjusted as desired; for example, recess 224 forming the storagespace may be cylindrical in order to provide a storage space for acylindrical accessory such as a cup, container, or the like. In thismanner, storage space 222 provides a cup holding function. In theillustrated enbodiment, opening 222 a extends over the full length andwidth of recess 222. But, it should be understood that opening 222 a maybe reduced over either or both its length and width In addition, itshould be understood that casing 112 may include a pair of recessedportions formed on opposed ends of the casing, with each of the recessedportions storing a light assembly.

Referring to FIG. 16, recess 224 comprises a plastic trough-shapedunitary body 230 which includes side walls 232 and 234, end walls 236and 238, and a bottom wall 240. Extending around the open mouth 242 ofbody 230 is a lip 244 which may be formed or positioned on upper surface228 of housing 212 to provide a tactile identification of recess 224.Alternately, lip 244 may be formed generally flush with upper surface228 of upper wall 212 b such that body 230 does not create anyirregularities in the outline of casing 212. Optionally, case 212 may bemolded with an opening formed in upper wall 212 b, with the storagespace 222 being separately molded and inserted into the opening of thecase 212. Preferably, the bin or tray may be adapted, such as by sizing,to have a snug fit into the opening whereby the bin or tray is removablefor cleaning or substitution with alternate bin configurations.Alternately, the insert may be fixed in the opening, for example, byultra sonically welding or by other suitable fastening methods, such assuitable adhesives, or releasable couplers such as snap fingers whichare known in the art. Alternately, storage space 222 may be molded withthe mirror case such that the upper wall of the mirror case is shaped sothat the outer upper surface forms the bin.

Referring again to FIG. 16, body 230 may include one or more reinforcingribs 246. Ribs 246 project inwardly from side walls 232, 234 and bottomwall 240 to form generally U-shaped dividers. In the illustratedembodiment, ribs 246 define four compartments or sub-spaces 248 a, 248b, 248 c, and 248 d, which prevent shifting of smaller articles such ascoins, keys, or the like in storage space 222 or along body 230.Furthermore, ribs 246 provide lateral support for glasses placed in body230.

Referring to FIG. 15A, reflective element 214 may comprise anelectrochromic element of an electrochromic element module. Theelectrochromic mirror element, for example, includes two substrates 214a and 214 b (typically glass substrates) with an electrochromic medium214 d sandwiched between the substrates. The electrochromic elementmodule preferably includes a printed circuit board (PCB) 214 c which maybe attached to its rear surface as shown in FIG. 15A, by for example anadhesive. An example of such an arrangement as disclosed in U.S. Pat.No. 5,820,245, commonly assigned to Donnelly Corporation, which isincorporated in its entirety by reference herein. The PCB optionallyincludes glare sensing and ambient photo sensors and assemblyelectrochromic circuitry that automatically dims the reflectivity of theelectrochromic mirror element when glare conditions are detected atnight time when mounted in the vehicle. Alternately, the PCB may be snapconnected, by a clip or otherwise attached, to a plastic plate thatitself is adhered to the electrochromic element. Importantly, theelectrochromic module comprising the electrochromic reflective elementand attached electronics, may provide scatter proofing means, and thelike. Preferably, the electrochromic element module forms a relativelyslim package, at its widest cross-section the package is preferably lessthan or equal to about 25 mm in dimension, more preferably less than orequal to about 15 mm in dimension, and most preferably less than orequal to about 8 mm in dimension. By placing, as shown in FIG. 15A, allnecessary electronics and reflector element forward in the case towardthe driver, the space between the rear of the reflector module can beutilized for storage, such as by way of recess 224. As illustrated inFIG. 15A, the storage space 222 is located in case 212 at a locationbehind the reflective element 214. Preferably, the reflective elementcomprises a front substrate and a rear substrate with an electrochromicmedium disposed between, such as a solid polymer matrix electrochromicmedium such as is disclosed in U.S. patent application Ser. No.09/350,930 filed Jul. 12, 1999, entitled “ELECTROCHROMIC POLYMERIC SOLIDFILMS, MANUFACTURING ELECTROCHROMIC DEVICES USING SUCH FILMS, ANDPROCESSES FOR MAKING SUCH SOLID FILMS AND DEVICES” to Desaraju V.Varaprasad et al., the entire disclosure of which is hereby incorporatedby reference herein. Most preferably, the front substrate comprises aglass plate of thickness less than about 1.6 mm, most preferably about1.1 mm thickness or lower, and the rear substrate comprises a glassplate of thickness equal to or greater than about 1.6 mm, morepreferably greater than about 1.8 mm thickness, most preferably equal toor greater than about 2.0 mm thickness. The rearmost surface of the rearsubstrate (the fourth surface as known in the mirror art) is reflectorcoated with a high reflecting metal film such as of aluminum or silver,or an alloy of aluminum or silver. Most preferably, the frontmostsurface of the rear substrate (the third surface as known in the mirrorart) is reflector coated with a high reflecting metal film such as ofaluminum or silver, or an alloy of aluminum or silver. Also, and asillustrated in FIG. 15A, storage space 222 is located behind thereflective element 214, and is positioned in the space between thereflective element and the windshield W of the vehicle, when theinterior rearview mirror assembly is mounted in the vehicle. Preferably,the trough-shaped storage space has length dimension (parallel to thelong dimension of casing 212) of at least about 3 inches, morepreferably at least about 4 inches, most preferably at least about 5inches), and width dimension (perpendicular to the long dimension ofcasing 212) preferably of at least about 0.75 inches, more preferably atleast about 1.5 inches, most preferably of at least about 2.5 inches.

Optionally, the front surface of the front substrate (i.e. the firstsurface as known in the mirror art) 214 a can be coated with a surfacecoating or otherwise modified so as to reduce the build up ofcondensation or mist such as can occur in humid climates. For example,the front surface of the front substrate 214 a (which is the surfaceupon which condensation/mist might gather or which would be subject toraindrops should the vehicle be a convertible and be driven with hooddown during rain) may be optionally coated with a water wettingcharacteristic modification coating such as a hydrophilic coating suchas a photocatalytic hydrophilic coating system such as is disclosed inJapanese Patent Abstract JP11050006A, issued Feb. 23, 1999, titled“Pretreatment of surface Forming Photocatalytic Hydrophilic Film andCleaning Agent and Undercoating Composition Used Therein” to Mitsumasaet al of Toto Ltd, and in JP10330131A, issued Dec. 15, 1998, titled“Hydrophilic Thin Film and Vehicular Mirror and Glass Product Using TheSame Hydrophilic Thin Film” to Tsutomu et al of Ichikoh Ind Ltd, and inJP10036144A, issued Feb. 10, 1998, titled “Antifogging Element” to Toruet al of Murakami Corporation, and in U.S. Pat. 5,724,187, issued Mar.3, 1998, titled “Electrochromic Mirrors and Devices” to Varaprasad et alof Donnelly Corporation, the disclosures of which are herebyincorporated by reference herein. Also, such wetting characteristicmodification coatings and techniques, such as photocatalytic hydrophiliccoatings, can be used for the first (frontmost) surface of anon-electrochromic reflective element such as a prismatic interiormirror reflective element (and for the first surface of electrochromicexterior mirror reflective elements and of metal coated, such aschromium coated, exterior non-electrochromic mirror reflectiveelements).

The present embodiment provides a rearview mirror assembly with astorage location that is easy to reach and, further, when used does notcause the driver to redirect his or her eyes far, or if at all, from thefront of the vehicle. The use of a mirror location also minimizes eyestrain. In this manner, the unused space behind the electrochromicreflective element mirror assembly is optimally used. Furthermore, sincethe mirror assembly is a known location in the vehicle, drivers canreach up to the mirror assembly without mental distraction since themovement is essentially a reflex action or an automatic movement whichdoes not require much, if any, concentration from the driver. Therefore,the mirror assembly 210 which is centrally mounted provides an ideallocation for storage space and does not obstruct the driver's view.

Referring to FIG. 17, a fourth embodiment 310 of the interior rearviewmirror assembly of the present invention is illustrated. Similar to theprevious embodiments, rearview mirror assembly 310 includes a mirrorcasing or housing 312 and a reflective element 314, which is mounted toa windshield button by a support 316. Reference is made to the firstembodiment for details of reflective element 314, optional components onor in housing 312, and suitable material for housing 312.

Assembly 310 includes a storage space 322 incorporated into housing 312,which like the previous embodiment is easily accessible to the driver orother occupants of the vehicle without much distraction or obstructionto the driver's view. In the illustrated embodiment, reflective element314 is mounted to a bezel or retaining rim 312 a which supportsreflective element assembly 314 in housing 312. Storage space 322 isprovided by a storage bin 324 which is mounted to bezel 312 a to providea compartment within housing 312. Referring to FIG. 18, bezel 312 a ispivotally mounted to housing 312 by one or more hinge connections 326(only one shown). In this manner, bezel 312 a comprises a pivotal dooror hatch that provides access to the inside of casing 312. Hingeconnections 326 are preferably mounted rearward of bezel 312 a so thathinges 326 are hidden from a vehicle occupant's view. For example, eachhinge 326 preferably comprises a pair of tabs or flanges 328, which areformed or welded to the rearward surface of bezel 312 a, andcorresponding tabs or flanges 330, which are welded to the lower wall332 of housing 312. Tabs 328 and 330 are pivotally coupled together by apin 334 which extends through the respective tabs or flanges to permitbezel 312 a, reflective element 314 and bin 324 to be moved between aclosed position in which storage bin 324 is contained within housing 312and reflective element 314 is positioned for rearward viewing and anopen position illustrated in FIGS. 17 and 18 to provide access tostorage space 322. Storage space 322, therefore, provides storage foraccessories such as glasses, pens, money, keys, or the like similar tothe previous embodiment. Storage space 322 can also serve as a wastebin, and in this regard, it is preferable that the bin be removable forcleaning.

In the illustrated embodiment, bin 324 extends substantially the fulllength of the interior housing 312; however, it can be appreciated thatbin 324 may be shaped or shortened to accommodate components withinhousing 312, for example electrical wiring or other components describedin reference to the first embodiment of interior rearview mirrorassembly 10.

In preferred form, bezel 312 a supports a latch, such as a spring biaslatch 336 for engaging an engagement structure 338 provided on housing312. Engagement structure 338 comprises a U-shaped loop with anengagement surface or opening to receive latch 336. Preferably, latch336 and engagement structure 338 are located at peripheral portion 340of opening 342 of housing 312. Most preferably, latch 336 lies in thesame plane as bezel 312 a when in the locked position so that it doesnot create a discontinuity in the outline of the mirror assembly andpotentially create a distraction to the driver. It should be understood,that bezel 312 a may be biased in its closed position by a spring biasedhinge, thus eliminating the need for a latch. In addition, it can beappreciated that the size and shape of bin 324 may be varied and,furthermore, may be compartmentalized with intermediate walls or ribs,as noted in reference to the previous embodiment.

A fifth embodiment 410 of the rearview mirror assembly of the presentinvention is illustrated in FIG. 19. Rearview mirror assembly 410 is ofsimilar construction to mirror assembly 10 and includes a housing 412, asupport 416 and mounting bracket, for mounting housing 412 to awindshield button or the like, a reflective element (not shown), and abezel (not shown). Mounted to a forward facing side or rear wall 428 ofhousing 412 is a light assembly 424, similar to light assembly 124.Therefore, reference is made to assembly 110 for details on lightassembly 424 and other dockable accessories and their preferred mountingarrangements to housing 412.

In the illustrated embodiment, housing 412 includes a second storagespace 426 which is provided on forward facing side or rear wall 428 ofhousing 412. Storage space 426 is defined by a recessed area in backwall 430 which extends from an upper wall 432 of housing 412 to a lowerwall 434 of housing 412. Back wall 430 is generally planar and extendsbetween two opposed side walls 436 and 438 which extend inwardly toform, together with back wall 430, recess 439. Projecting outwardly fromback wall 430 is another storage space provided by an accessoryattachment member 440, such as a clip for supporting generally flataccessories, such as a toll card, an access card, a parking ticket, anote pad, insurance or registration papers, maps, or the like.Preferably, such a clip positively grips the accessory such as by springtension action or the like onto back wall 430, such that the accessoryis easily insertable and detachable or removable from the accessoryattachment member. In the illustrated embodiment, accessory attachmentmember 440 extends substantially over back wall 430 between side walls436 and 438, but it should be understood that attachment member 440 maybe shortened and extend over a smaller distance while still providingthe same function.

In preferred form, attachment member 440 comprises a plastic materialsimilar to housing 412. Attachment member 440 may be mounted to backwall 430 either by an adhesive or fasteners or the like. Moreover,attachment member 440 may be welded to back wall 430. Preferably,attachment member 440 is molded together with housing 412. Alternately,attachment member 440 may comprise a metal clip and secured by adhesivesor other fastening means to housing 412.

Optionally, housing 412 may include a fourth storage space 446 providedon rear wall 428 for storing other accessories including, for examplecoins, tokens, work pieces, such as pens, pencils, tools, pen lights,cassettes, CD's, a pager, or the like. In the illustrated embodiment,fourth storage space 446 comprises an elongated cavity or recess 448formed in upper wall 432 of housing 412 which extends between end walls436 and 438 behind a back wall 430. Recess 448 may extend the fullheight of back wall 430 or may terminate at some intermediate heightbehind back wall 430. It should be understood that storage space 446 mayinclude intermediate ribs or intermediate walls to define separatecompartments within storage space 446, as described in reference tomirror assembly 210.

A sixth embodiment 510 of the interior rearview mirror assembly of thepresent invention is illustrated in FIG. 20. Rearview mirror assembly510 includes a mirror casing or housing 512, with a retaining rim orbezel 512 a, and a reflective element 514, similar to the previousembodiments. Housing 512 may be mounted to the vehicle windshield,headliner or the like as described in reference to housing 12. Bezel 512a extends around the peripheral portion reflective element 514 andoptionally includes buttons 513 a, indicators 513 b, or displays 513 cwhich are commonly known in the art. Similar to the previous embodiment,rearview mirror assembly 510 includes a storage space 526 for supportingan accessory, such as a writing pad 528, a pager, or the like thereon.Storage space 526 is formed on a front side 530 of housing 512 and ispreferably formed by a planar surface 530 a adjacent bezel 512 a. Bezel512 a includes a planar segment 512 b which terminates along withreflective element 514 inwardly of peripheral portion 512 e of housing512. In this manner, pad 528 may lay substantially flush with bezel 512a to reduce the visual impact of the pad to the driver therebyminimizing the distraction to the driver. Pad 528 may comprise, forexample a sticky note pad, and, therefore, be adhered to planar surface530 a by the adhesive provided on the back of most conventional stickynote pads. Alternately, surface 530 may include Velcro or a clip orother retaining structure to secure pad 528 to surface 530 a, someexamples of which are described in reference to the embodiment shown inFIGS. 19 and 24. Furthermore, housing 512 may include a recess behindplanar surface to receive clips' of a pager or the like.

Optionally positioned below the chin area of bezel 512 a is anotherstorage space provided by an accessory attachment member 532, such as awork piece or writing instrument holder, such as a clip. For example,such a clip preferably positively grips the accessory, such as the penor pencil, typically by spring tension action or the like between pliantfingers or arms, such that the accessory, such as a pen is readilyinsertable and detachable/removable from the accessory attachmentmember. Attachment member 532 may hold a pencil or pen, or alternatelyanother elongated item such as a pen-type flashlight, a tire pressuregauge, or the like. Attachment member 532 may be secured to housing 512by an adhesive, Velcro, or other fastening means. Preferably, attachmentmember 532 is plastic and is molded with a lower wall 534 of housing512. Attachment member 532 lays generally flat and aligns with topsurface 530 of housing 512 to minimize the protrusion and, therefore,the distraction to the driver.

In addition, housing 512 may support one or more map illuminating ordashboard illuminating lights 540 and 542, for example the lightsdisclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,820,245, which is incorporated by referenceherein in its entirety.

Referring to FIG. 21, a seventh embodiment 710 of the interior rearviewmirror assembly of the present invention is illustrated. Mirror assembly710 includes a mirror casing or housing 712, a retaining rim or bezel712 a, and a reflective element 714. Reference is made to the firstembodiment for description of the housing and bezel material, andreflective element 714 and, further, for preferred mounting arrangementsof housing 712 to the vehicle. In the illustrated embodiment, housing712 includes a storage space 722 which is defined by a slotted recessedportion 724, which extends into housing 712 from end wall 730 of housing712. Recessed portion 724 is formed between opposed walls 726 and 728and extends between upper wall 732 and lower wall 734 of housing 712 todefine a receptacle for an accessory holder 736. Accessory holder 736may support or hold a plurality of accessories, including for example,cards, paper work, such as insurance or registration papers, writingpads, maps, and the like. In the illustrated embodiment, accessoryholder 736 comprises a writing pad holder and includes a molded body 738having upper and lower walls 740 and 742 which align and follow thecontour of housing 712. In most preferred form, walls 740 and 742 areflush with outer surface 732 a, 734 a of upper and lower walls 732 and734, respectively, when holder 736 is inserted into recess 724. Body 738also includes an end wall 744 and a back wall 746, with end wall 744abutting an inner wall 748 of recess 724 when holder 736 is fullyinserted into recess 724. Distal edge 746 a of back wall 746 alsopreferably follows the contour of housing 712 and, most preferably, isgenerally flush with outer surface 730 a of end wall 730 of housing 712when holder 736 is inserted into storage space 722.

Back wall 746 defines a storage space 750 between end wall 744 and upperand lower walls 740 and 742, which is preferably sized to hold a writingpad 752, such as a sticky note pad. Pad 752 may be held in place by theadhesive back, Velcro, or may be held in place by friction between theedges of pad 752 and upper and lower walls 740 and 742. In addition,back wall 746 preferably includes a gripping surface 754 to permittactile identification of holder 736 by the driver of the vehicle, thusminimizing the distraction to the driver. For example, gripping surface754 may comprise one or more projecting ribs or recessed grooves. Inaddition, gripping surfaces 754 provides improved gripping of body 738.In this manner, body 738 can be grabbed without requiring the operatorof the vehicle to take his or her eyes off the front of the vehicle.

Holder 736 is held in recess 724 preferably by friction. For example, asshown in the illustrated embodiment, side wall 726 includes a pluralityof ribs 726 a which project inwardly toward holder 736 to provide africtional force between housing 712 and holder 736 (FIG. 21). Ribs 726a may comprise, for example resilient ribs, such as rubber ribs, toprovide enhanced friction. Alternately, one or more walls 726 and 728may support a spring for biasing holder against wall 726 or 728 forfrictionally holding holder 736 in recess 724.

Housing 712 may optionally include a second storage space defined by anaccessory attachment member 756 which is preferably molded to upperhousing wall 732. Optionally, attachment member 756 may be separatelyformed and adhered to upper wall 732 by an adhesive, Velcro or otherfastening means. Attachment member 756 includes resilient arms whichform a clip and provides a convenient location for storing a tool orwork piece, such as a pencil or pen, which can be easily retrieved by anoccupant of the vehicle for use with pad 752. It should be understoodthat attachment member 756 may be located, for example, below bezel 712a in the chin area of mirror casing 712, or on forward facing side orrear wall 754 of housing 712, or on an end wall of housing 712.

Referring to FIG. 22, a ninth embodiment 810 of the interior rearviewmirror assembly of the present invention is illustrated. Rearview mirrorassembly 810 includes a mirror housing 812, a bezel 812 a, and areflective element assembly 814, similar to the previous embodiments. Inthe illustrated embodiment, housing 812 is supported by a support arm816 with a modified break-away mounting bracket or mirror mount 817. Inthe illustrated embodiment, support arm 816 includes a pair of ballmounts 824 a and 824 b for extending into a receiving socket on housing812 and into a receiving socket in bracket 817.

As best seen in FIG. 23, break-away mounting bracket 817 includes a body818 with a generally planar base portion 820 and an upwardly extendingtapered portion 822 having a spherical socket or receptacle into whichball mount 824 b projects to permit repositioning of interior mirrorhousing 812 about bracket 817. Body 818 includes a windshield facingside 824, which is configured to releasably mount to a conventionalwindshield mounted button, for example, a button as described in U.S.Pat. No. 5,820,097, the disclosure of which is incorporated by referenceherein. Body 818 further includes a rearward facing planar surface 825which defines a storage surface 826 for storing an accessory, such as awriting pad 828, such as a sticky note pad. In this manner, whenassembly 810 is mounted to a vehicle windshield or headliner, pad 828 iseasily accessible by the driver or occupant of the vehicle and,furthermore, is located in a known location that does not obstruct thedriver's view. Preferably, pad 828 is adhered to planar surface 825 bythe adhesive provided on most conventional sticky note pads.Alternately, pad 828 may be mounted by Velcro or may include a stiffbacking member, for inserting into a corresponding receiving structureprovided on planar surface 825, as will be understood by those skilledin the art.

In addition, body 818 preferably includes another storage space providedby an accessory attachment member similar to that shown at 440, 532 or756 above, or one or more tubular members formed on bottom wall 818 a ofbody 818 for holding a tool or work piece 830, such as a writinginstrument, for example a pen or pencil or the like. Preferably, suchattachment members are integrally molded with body 818; however, it canbe appreciated that the attachment member may be adhered to body 818 bya suitable adhesive or fasteners. Reference is made to the previousembodiments for examples of suitable attachment members, such as clipsor work piece holders. It should be understood from the foregoing, thatpad 828 and pencil 830 are conveniently placed behind the rearviewmirror housing 812 and thus do not obstruct the view of the driver ofthe vehicle. Furthermore, by positioning pad 828 and pencil 830 on themirror mounting bracket, minimal, if any, distraction is required toaccess or to retrieve the pad or pencil since the pad and pencil arelocated in a known location in the vehicle.

Referring to FIG. 24, a second embodiment 917 of a mirror mountingbracket or mirror mount is illustrated. Mirror mounting bracket 917 maybe used in conjunction with any one of the illustrated embodiments ofthe interior rearview mirror assemblies and further with other interiorrearview mirror assemblies. Mirror mounting bracket 917 includes a body918 which supports a ball member 918 a and is adapted to provide abreak-away mount to a conventional windshield mounted button, asdescribed in reference to the previous embodiment. Ball member 918 a isengaged by a support arm (not shown) similar to support arm 16.Extending from a lower end 918 b of body 918 is a storage space providedby a pendent accessory holder 924, such as a note pad holder, a mapholder, or a holder for other generally flat accessories, for example awriting pad, a plastic card, such as a credit card, an access card or atoll card, or the like. Holder 924 includes a body with a planar portion925 and an accessory attachment member 926, such as a clip, formed at anupper end of planar portion 925 which projects downwardly and togetherwith planar surface 925 a of planar portion 925 forms a storage spacefor supporting an accessory.

Holder 924 may be mounted to telescope from bracket 917. For example,holder 924 may be mounted on a telescoping member or jack action or thelike, or move down to an extended position below the mirror casing andthen retract for storage. When holder 924 is extended down, holder 924may include a foldable support or finger, which can be selectively movedto extend from the windshield facing side of holder 924 to touch thewindow to provide support when holder 924 is in its extended position.Optionally, holder 924 may be pivotally mounted to the mirror mountingbracket for reorienting toward the driver or other occupants of thevehicle. In addition, accessory attachment member 926 can be locatedelsewhere on the mirror assembly. For example, attachment member 926 maybe located on the mirror case, such as on the rear wall or forwardfacing side of the casing. By providing spring-loaded gripping fingersto the pendent accessory, a map can be held below the mirror assemblywhen mounted in the vehicle in a position readily viewable by thedriver.

Optionally, holder 924 may be integrally molded with body 918 of mirrormounting bracket 917. However, it can be appreciated that holder 924 maybe secured to bottom surface 918 a of body 918 by an adhesive or othersuitable fastening means. Preferably mounted to a lower end 930 ofplanar portion 925 is a second storage space provided by a secondaccessory attachment member 932, such as a work piece attachment member,for example a clip which positively holds the accessory, for example bytension between two flexible fingers or arms or the like. Attachmentmember 932 may comprise an integrally molded member having a generallyC-shaped cross section similar to attachment member 756 described inreference to FIG. 21 or include a J-shaped body similar to attachmentmember 532 illustrated in FIG. 20. Alternately, attachment member 932may comprise a tubular member with an elongated cylindrical passage forholding a work piece or a pair of cylindrical or ring shaped members,which are aligned to define a pair of spaced apart support surfaces fora work piece, such as a pencil, pen, pressure gauge, pen-light or thelike, such as those shown at 440, 532 or 756 above.

A tenth embodiment 1010 of an interior rearview mirror assembly of thepresent invention is illustrated in FIG. 25. Rearview mirror assembly1010 includes a mirror casing or housing 1012, a bezel 1012 a and areflective element 1014. Reference is made to the first embodiment forsuitable materials for housing 1012 and bezel 1012 a and a descriptionof reflective element 1014. Bezel 1012 a extends around the peripheralportion of reflective element 1014 and includes an enlarged side area1016, which provides a location for a power supply connection 1018, forexample a 12-volt power supply connection. Similar to conventional powersupplies provided in dashboards or consoles of most conventionalvehicles, power supply connection 1018 includes a cylindrical casing1020 which extends into assembly 1010 through bezel 1016. The contactsfor the power supply (not shown) are coupled to the vehicle electricalsystem by way of wiring which extends through housing and exits housing1012 preferably through mirror mount (not shown), which may be ofsimilar construction to the ball mount illustrated in FIG. 6 of thefirst embodiment. In this manner, accessories, such as radar detectorsor the like, may be plugged into the interior rearview mirror assembly1010 thus reducing the length of wire required for the radar detector toreach most conventional power supplies and further reducing thedistraction of dangling wires associated with conventional radardetectors.

In addition, housing 1012 includes a storage space 1026 in the form ofone or more coin holders 1028 a, 1028 b, and 1028 c. Coin holders 1028a, 1028 b, and 1028 c comprise cylindrical members of different sizes ordiameters which extend into housing 1012 rearward of reflective elementassembly 1014. Each coin holder 1028 a, 1028 b, and 1028 c includes anassociated release mechanism for releasing coins held in the respectiveholder. Preferably, the release mechanism is accessible from the forwardfacing side or rear wall 1030 of housing 1012, which is easilyaccessible by the driver of the vehicle. In one form, each coin holderincludes cylindrical members which extend from a lower wall 1032 ofmirror housing 1012 to an upper wall 1034 so that coins may be loadedinto their respective coin holders through the upper wall 1032 ofhousing 1012. In order to maximize the number of coins held in therespective coin holders, each latch 1029 is preferably located in closeproximity to lower openings 1036 a, 1036 b, 1036 c of each respectivecoin holder. In one form, latches 1029 comprise spring biased memberswhich block openings 1036 a, 1036 b, 1036 c to prevent the coins heldtherein from being released through the bottom openings of eachrespective holder until such a time that the respective latch isreleased from its extended position by the operator of the vehicle.

In preferred form, housing 1012 includes a second storage space 1036inside housing 1012. Storage space 1036 may support a supply of facialtissue, wipes, a tape dispenser, or a supply of air freshener. Thetissue, wipe, tape, or air freshener is removed or ejected from housing1012 through an opening 1038 provided in bottom wall 1032 of housing1012. For example, the supply of air freshener may be provided by anaerosol container or cartridge 1040 which is supported on and mounted tolower wall 1032 by one or more retainers, such as clips, which may beformed on the interior of housing 1012. To minimize noise and inducedvibration, preferably the cartridge of the air freshener supply isrigidly mounted to housing wall 1032. Also, optionally provided onbottom wall 1032 is an actuator 1042, such as a button, which releasesthe air freshener from container 1040 through opening 1038.

Moreover, a vehicle cabin air monitor can be incorporated into mirrorassembly 10 such as within housing 1012, that includes reflectiveelement 1014, or in a pod or housing that attaches to the mirror mount.Reference is made to copending application Ser. No. 09/244,726, which isincorporated herein by reference in its entirety, for an example of asuitable pod. For example, levels of carbon monoxide may be monitored bysuch air monitors provided at the mirror location. Preferably, the airmonitor includes an intake, preferably a fan assisted intake thatsamples the air within the cabin. In preferred form, when the vehiclelevel of carbon monoxide exceeds a threshold level, the monitor takesappropriate action, for example sounding an alarm, shutting off theengine, and/or opening windows. Such an air monitoring system ispreferably used with a remote ignition system such as is commonly usedin cold climates when the engine is started up remotely. Such a vehicleair monitoring system protects against the build up of carbon monoxidewithin the vehicle cabin.

Referring to FIGS. 26 and 27, the numeral 1110 generally designates asecond embodiment of the mirror assembly illustrated in FIGS. 1-8.Mirror assembly 1110 includes a housing or casing 1112, a reflectiveelement 1114, and a storage space 1120. Storage space 1120 comprises acavity formed in casing 1112 for housing an accessory 1124. Similar toaccessory 24, accessory 1124 may comprise a vanity mirror or a displaydevice, including a video display device as described in reference tothe first embodiment. For further details of casing 1112, reflectiveelement 1114, and other electrical and electronic devices which may behoused in casing 1112, reference is made to assembly 10.

Accessory 1124 is mounted within cavity 1120 of mirror housing 1112 formovement between a retracted position and an extended position, as shownin FIG. 26. Preferably, when in its retracted position, accessory 1124is substantially contained in cavity 1120 and, most preferably, suchthat accessory 1124 is completely contained in cavity 1120 so thataccessory 1124 does not project from casing 1112 and potentially createsa distraction to the driver of the vehicle.

Referring to FIG. 27, accessory 1124 is mounted interiorly of casing1112 in cavity 1120 by a pivot member 1126. Pivot member 1126 permitsaccessory 1124 to be moved between its retracted position within casing1112 and its extended position by pivoting about a pivot axis 1126 a. Inthe illustrated embodiment, pivot member 1126 includes an elongate body1132 with opposed support pins 1134 which are pivotally mounted insupport members 1136, such as flanges, provided in casing 1112.Preferably, support members 1136 comprise flanges which projectdownwardly from upper wall 1112 a of casing 1112 and which space supportpins 1134 inwardly from rear wall 1138 so as to permit accessory 1124 topivot to its retracted position within casing 1112 between back wall1138 and reflective element 1114. It should be understood, that supportmembers 1136 may extend to rear wall or may include reinforcing ribs orwebs which extend to rear wall 1138 to provide stiffness to supportmembers 1136.

Accessory 1124 is pivotally mounted to pivot member 1126 about a pivotaxis 1128 a to permit repositioning of accessory 1124 about a generallyvertical axis when accessory 1124 is moved to its extended position suchas illustrated in FIG. 26. In this manner, once accessory 1124 is movedor pivoted to its extended position outside casing 1112, the position ofaccessory 1124 may be easily adjusted by an occupant of the vehicle, forexample the driver or a passenger of the vehicle.

As noted above and described in reference to the first embodiment of theinterior rearview mirror assembly of the present invention, accessory1124 may comprise a vanity mirror or may comprise a display device. Inpreferred form, accessory 1124 includes a housing 1128 in which anelement 1130, such as a reflective element or display element, issupported. Housing 1128 may include a ball mount to pivotally mounthousing 1128 to pivot member 1126 or may include a socket to receive aball mount provided on pivot member 1126 to permit accessory 1124 totilt about the horizontal axis as well. Alternately, housing 1128 may bepivotally mounted by a pivot pin which generally permits rotation ofhousing 1128 and element 1130 only about axis 1128 a.

As best understood from FIG. 27, when accessory 1124 is pivoted on pivotmember 1126 about pivot access 1126 a and generally aligned with pivotmember 1126 along axis 1126 a, accessory 1124 can then be retracted intocavity 1120 behind reflective element 1114.

A third embodiment 1210 of the interior rearview mirror assemblyillustrated in FIGS. 1-8 is shown in FIGS. 28 and 29. Mirror assembly1210 includes a mirror casing 1212, a reflective element 1214, which issupported in casing 1212, and a storage space 1222. Housed in storagespace 1222, is a pendent accessory 1224. As described in reference toaccessory 24, accessory 1224 may comprise a vanity mirror or a displaydevice. For further details of description of housing 1212, reflectiveelement 1214, and components optionally supported in casing 1212, andvariation of accessory 1124 reference is made to assembly 10.

In the illustrated embodiment, storage space 1222 comprises a cavity1222 a which extends into casing 1112 through an opening formed orprovided in bottom wall 1112 a. Cavity 1222 a is preferably formed bymolding and extends behind reflective element 1114 into casing 1112.Accessory 1224 is pivotally mounted in cavity 1222 a by a pivot member1226 as will be more fully described below, so that accessory 1224 canbe moved between an extended position for viewing by an occupant of thevehicle (shown in FIG. 23) or a retracted or storage position withinstorage space 1222. Preferably, when in its storage position, accessory1224 is substantially contained within storage space 1222 and, mostpreferably, completely contained and retracted into storage space 1222.

Accessory 1224 includes a housing 1228 and an element 1230, such as areflective element or a display element. Reference is made to element 30for examples and further description of element 1230. Preferably,housing 1228 includes a body 1228 a with a recessed central portion orrecessed wall 1234 which defines a perimeter wall 1234 a. Element 1230is supported in recessed portion 1234 and preferably mounted for pivotalmovement in recessed portion 1234 so that the orientation of element1230 can be adjusted by an occupant of the vehicle. Preferably, element1230 is mounted to permit manual adjustment of element 1230; however, itshould be understood that remote adjustment can be provided by anactuator, such as an electronic actuator, which are well known in theart. In the illustrated embodiment, recessed portion 1234 includes aball mount 1236 which projects outwardly and on which element 1230 ismounted by a socket member which is provided on rear surface 1230 a ofelement 1230. The ball and socket arrangement provides for pivotalmovement of element 1230 about horizontal and vertical axes. Preferably,when mounted on ball mount 1236, element 1230 generally lies in the sameplane as upper surface 1234 b of perimeter wall 1234 a when in anon-tilted position so that element 1230 will not project outwardly fromhousing 1228 so that housing 1228 can be quickly and easily pivoted toits retracted position within storage space 1222. As would be understoodby those skilled in the art, element 1230 may alternately include a ballmount mounted to its rear surface 1230 a with recessed portion 1234having a socket member for receiving the ball mount of element 1230.

Referring to FIG. 29, at least lower edge 1238 a and side edge 1238 b ofhousing 1228 preferably follow the contours of casing 1212 so that whenretracted, housing 1228 generally follows the contour of casing 1212.Moreover, housing 1228 is preferably the same size as the opening tocavity 1222 sot that when retracted, housing 1228 appears to be aunitary part of the mirror.

Referring to FIG. 29, housing 1228 supports pivot member 1226 andpreferably includes a stop 1232 which is spaced from pivot member 1226and limits rotation of housing 1228 about pivot member 1226 by engagingbottom wall 1212 a of casing 1212 (as shown in FIG. 28). In preferredform, as previously noted, housing 1228 is commensurate in size with theopening or mouth of cavity 1222 a so that when retracted, the lowersurface 1224 a of accessory 1224 follows casing 1212 and forms a unitarypart of mirror assembly 1210. Pivot member 1226 is mounted in case 1212on a support member, such as a support flange 1240, which is formed orotherwise provided on bottom wall 1212 a of casing 1212. Accessory 1224is mounted for pivotal movement on support member 1248 by pivot member1226 which is preferably journaled in member 1240. In preferred form,when fully retracted into storage space 1222, accessory 1224 does notprovide any obstruction to the driver's view through the frontwindshield of the vehicle; instead, accessory 1224 is preferablysubstantially hidden from view when retracted. When extended from casing1212, accessory 1224 projects downwardly from bottom wall 1212 a toprovide, for example a vanity mirror or a display member including avideo display, as previously noted with the orientation of element 1230within housing 1228 being preferably manually adjustable by an occupantof the vehicle, including the driver.

As described in reference to the previous embodiments, element 1230 maycomprise a reflective element, including a flat reflector, a reflectorhaving a compound curvature, an aspheric or convex mirror reflector, ormay comprise a display screen for displaying information, such asvehicle status, a rearview vision system, or a baby minder system aspreviously described. In addition, housing 1228 may support a pluralityof light sources, such as incandescent light sources or non-incandescentlight sources, such as LEDs, around element 1220 to provide a vanitymirror.

Referring to FIG. 30, a second embodiment 1310 of the interior rearviewmirror assembly illustrated in FIGS. 15, 15A, and 16 is shown. Mirrorassembly 1310 includes a housing or casing 1312, a reflective element1314, and support arm 1316, and mounting bracket 1317. It should beunderstood that other support arms and mounting arrangements may be usedto mount assembly 1310 onto a vehicle headliner or windshield. Referenceis made to assembly 210 for further description of casing 1312,reflective element 1314, support arm 1316, and bracket 1317. Similar tocasing 212, upper wall 1312 a of casing 1312 includes a storage space1322 for supporting an accessory 1324. In the illustrated embodiment,accessory 1324 comprises a dispensing accessory for dispensing wipes,including “wet wipes” or glass cleaner wipes or the like, or tissues sothat an occupant of the vehicle can easily and quickly retrieve a wipeor tissue T. Storage space 1322 may be provided by a recess, similar torecess 224, and by molding a recess into upper wall 1312 a of casing1312 or may be provided by an insert which is inserted into upper wall1312 a through an opening, similar to opening 222 a.

Dispensing accessory 1324 includes a container 1326 with a dispensingopening 1328 through which a wipe or tissue T may be dispensed for useby an occupant of the vehicle. Housing 1326 is removably supported instorage space 1322 and may be releasably retained in storage space 1322by a friction fit, snap couplers or may be held in place by one or morespring loaded latches 1330. As would be understood by those skilled inthe art, spring loaded latches 1330 may frictionally engage an innersurface 1322 a of storage space 1322 or may engage a correspondingrecess provided on inner surface 1322 a. In this manner, tissue or wipedispensing accessory 1324 may be quickly and easily removed from storagespace 1322 for refill or replacement. Optionally, additional storagespace may be provided for discarded tissues or wipes. For example,storage space 1322 may be segregated into two storage spaces—one forholding the dispensing accessory, and the other for holding thediscarded tissues, wipes, or other trash. Alternately, a disposal binmay be provided elsewhere in the vehicle.

It should be understood from the foregoing, that interior rearviewmirror assembly 1310 provides a storage space 1322 which may be used tosupport a wide variety of accessories therein beside tissue dispenser1324. Optionally, as previously noted, tissue dispensing assembly 1324may be removed such that storage space 1322 may be used for storingother accessories, as described in reference to assembly 210.

Referring to FIG. 31, a second embodiment 1410 of the interior rearviewmirror assembly illustrated in FIGS. 9-14 is shown. Mirror assembly 1410includes a mirror housing or casing 1412, a reflective element 1414, anda storage space 1422 for storing a dockable accessory 1424, similar toassembly 110. As previously described, dockable accessory 1424 maycomprise a light assembly (as shown), a telecommunication device, suchas a phone or a pager, or other hand held electrical or electronicdevices or the like. For further details of housing 1412, dockableaccessory 1424, and reflective element 1414 general reference is made toassembly 110.

In the illustrated embodiment, dockable accessory 1424 includes ahousing 1426 which includes a pair of spring loaded latches 1428 forengaging elongate recesses 1430 provided in back wall 1412 a of casing1412 in storage space 1422. Housing 1426 preferably supports a pair oflatch releases 1432 which move latches 1428 between an insertionposition and an engagement position. When moved to their insertionposition, which is typically achieved when latch releases 1432 arecompressed, latches 1428 can then be aligned for insertion into elongaterecesses 1430. When latch releases 1432 are released, latches 1428engage with casing 1412 in recessed 1430, as will be understood by thoseskilled in the art. Similar to the previous embodiment illustrated inFIGS. 9-14, housing 1412 preferably supports a pair of contacts 1432which permit accessory 1424 to couple to either a recharging unit inmirror assembly 1410 or located elsewhere in the vehicle for rechargingof dockable accessory 1424, as previously described in reference toassembly 110. Optionally, housing 1426 may support a pair of guidemembers 1444 which engage corresponding elongated recesses or slots 1446provided in side wall 1448 of storage space 1422. In this manner, guidemembers 1444 guide dockable assembly 1424 into the correct position ontostorage space 1422. Therefore, in order to dock accessory 1424 ontostorage space 1422, latch releases 1432 must be compressed so that latchmembers 1428 are aligned for placement into elongated recesses 1430.When guide members 1444 properly aligned with recesses 1446, and latches1428 are inserted into elongated recesses 1430, latch releases 1432 maybe then released so that dockable accessory 1424 is releasably mountedto casing 1412.

Referring to FIG. 32, a third embodiment 1510 of the interior rearviewmirror assembly illustrated in FIGS. 9-14 is shown. Mirror assembly 1510includes a mirror casing 1512, a reflective element 1514, and a storagespace 1522, on which a dockable accessory 1524 is mounted for storageand later retrieval by an occupant of the vehicle, such as the driver.For further details of housing 1512, reflective element 1514, anddockable accessory 1524, reference is made to mirror assembly 110.

In the illustrated embodiment, storage space 1522 is formed by generallyplanar recessed wall 1526 provided on back wall 1512 a of mirror case1512 and a cavity 1528 which is formed in back wall 1512 a. As noted inreference to accessory 24, accessory 1524 may comprise a light assembly,a telecommunications device, such as a telephone or pager or the like.Accessory 1524 includes a housing 1530 with a flange portion 1532.Flange 1532 is commensurate in size with cavity 1528 so that when flange1532 is inserted into cavity 1528, accessory 1524 is held in storagespace 1522 by the friction between flange 1532 and wall 1528 a whichdefines cavity 1528 and wall 1526. Housing 1530 supports a cover or lens1534 and includes at least one gripping surface 1536, similar to thedockable accessory described in reference to embodiment 110. Optionallymounted to flange 1532 are a pair of contacts 1538 which engage or makecontact with a corresponding pair of contacts provided on cavity wall1528 a in cavity 1528. Thus, when accessory 1524 is docked onto storagespace 1522, accessory 1524 is held in place by friction between flange1532 and wall 1528 a and is coupled to a recharger located either incasing 1512 or elsewhere in the vehicle to recharge batteries supportedwithin housing 1530 of accessory 1524, as described in greater detail inreference to accessory 124.

Similar to the previous embodiments, housing 1530 and cover 1534 arepreferably contoured to follow contour of casing 1512 such that whendocked, accessory 1524 forms a unitary unit with casing 1512. It shouldbe understood, that flange 1532 may be provided with releasablecouplers, as snap fit flanges or the like which provide a positiveengagement between flange 1532 and wall 1528 a or wall 1526 as will beunderstood by those skilled in the art. In addition, flange 1532 maysupport releasable latches similar to latches 1428 described inreference to the previous embodiment.

Referring to FIG. 33, the numeral 1610 generally designates a fourthembodiment of the interior rearview mirror assembly illustrated in FIGS.9-14. Mirror assembly 1610 includes a mirror housing or casing 1612,reflective element 1614, and a storage space 1622 for storing a dockableaccessory 1624, similar to the previous embodiment. As previouslydescribed, dockable accessory 1624 may comprise a light assembly(shown), a telecommunications device, such as a phone or a pager orother hand held electrical or electronic devices. For further details ofhousing 1612, reflective element 1614 and accessory 1624, generalreference is made to assembly 110.

Storage space 1622 is formed by a generally planar wall 1626 formed onback wall 1612 a of casing 1612 and a generally open cavity 1628 whichis formed in back wall 1612 a and has a generally U-shapedconfiguration. Cavity 1628 is defined between planar wall 1626 and agenerally U-shaped retaining wall 1628 a which extends over planar wall1626. Accessory 1624 includes a housing 1630, which supports a cover orlens 1632, and a flange 1634 commensurate in shape with cavity 1628 sothat when accessory 1624 is docked in storage space 1622, flange 1634extends into cavity 1628 and is held in place by U-shaped wall 1628 a.Preferably, accessory 1624 is held in storage space 1622 by frictionallyengagement between flange 1634 and wall 1628 a of cavity 1628 and planarwall 1626.

In order to follow the contours of casing 1612, housing 1630 preferablyincludes a projecting lip 1636 which extends over flange 1634 and iscommensurate in shape with opening 1628 b of cavity 1628 such that whenaccessory 1624 is docked into storage space 1622, housing 1620 abutscasing 1612 and generally follows the contours of casing 1612. In thismanner, when docked, accessory 1624 forms a generally unitary assemblywith casing 1612.

Optionally, housing 1630 or flange 1636 may support one or more latchesfor positively engaging casing 1612, as previously described. Inpreferred form, casing 1612 supports a pair of contacts 1638 in storagespace 1622 which electrically couple and make contact with correspondingcontacts provided on accessory 1624 so that accessory 1624 may berecharged while docked in storage space 1622, as previously described.

The present invention provides a cavity or pocket created in the mirrorhousing or case such as by molding. This cavity or pocket provides astorage compartment for accessories, such as sunglasses, coins, parkingtokens, a tape dispenser, tissue or wipe dispensers, and the like. Thus,for example, the driver on exiting the vehicle can take off a pair ofsunglasses and readily and conveniently store them by placing them intothe pocket storage compartment in the interior mirror casing, where theaccessory is supported or stored. By locating the storage space on or inthe interior mirror assembly, a high mounted storage location isprovided which is away from children or pets in the car and further, mayalso provide a storage location that is not readily visible from outsidethe vehicle, therefore, enhancing the vehicle security. Also, thepresent invention provides storage space on or within the mirrorassembly that may be open storage insofar that no door hatch or latch isprovided or required, an example of which is illustrated in FIGS. 9-16and 19-24, or may be closed storage, accessible such as by a door,hatch, latch, slider, telescoping support or the like, such asillustrated in FIGS. 1-8 and 17-18. Further, storage space is providedon the exterior of the mirror casing (or optionally, elsewhere on therearview mirror assembly such as on the mirror support arm or on themirror mount) for objects such as writing instruments such as pens,pencils and the like. The driver or passenger can releasably attach, forexample, a pencil to the clip provided on the mirror casing. Thisprovides a location in the vehicle interior cabin where the driver orpassengers can readily find a pencil or the like.

As would be understood by those skilled in the art, modifications can bemade to the various components of the several embodiments describedabove without departure from the spirit of the present invention. Forexample, the mirror casing may include an elongated recess extendinginto the casing which provides storage space for a tool, such as apressure gauge or screw driver or pocket knife, or work piece, such as awriting instrument or light pen. The storage space may comprise an openstorage space in which articles are quickly insertable to or retractablefrom the storage space or a closed storage space, such as described inreference to mirror assembly 310, which is accessed through a door orhatch. The storage space may comprise an attachment member such as aclip for releasably retaining a writing instrument such as a pen, or thelike, to the rearview mirror assembly such as to the mirror case, to themirror bracket/mount or to the mirror support arm. The present inventionprovides one or more storage spaces for storing articles or accessoriesand is applicable to a wide variety of interior rearview mirrorsincluding electrically operated compass mirrors such as disclosed inU.S. Pat. No. 5,253,109, electrically operated interior rearview mirrorsincorporating map reading lights such as disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos.4,646,210; 4,733,336; 4,807,096; and 5,178,448; and electricallyoperated automatically dimming mirrors such as described in U.S. Pat.Nos. 4,793,690; 4,799,768; 4,886,960; and 5,193,029, mirror assembliesincorporating GPS such as disclosed in patent application Ser. No.08/569,851, filed Dec. 8, 1995, by Roger L. Veldman and DesmondO'Farrell for “A VEHICLE GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM NAVIGATIONAL AID”;now U.S. Pat. No. 5,971,552; mirrors including head light controls, suchas disclosed in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 08/621,863, filed Mar.25, 1996, entitled “VEHICLE HEADLIGHT CONTROL USING IMAGING SENSOR”; nowU.S. Pat. No. 5,796,094; mirrors incorporating displays, such asdisclosed in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/244,726, filed Feb. 5,1999, entitled “REARVIEW MIRROR ASSEMBLY INCORPORATING VEHICLEINFORMATION DISPLAY”, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,172,613, and U.S. Pat. No.5,530,240 for “DISPLAY FOR AUTOMATIC REARVIEW MIRROR”; mirrorsincorporating blind spot detection systems, such as disclosed in U.S.Pat. No. 5,530,240; U.S. Pat. No. 5,576,687; and U.S. patent applicationSer. No. 08/799,735, entitled “VEHICLE BLIND SPOT DETECTION AND DISPLAYSYSTEM”, filed Feb. 12, 1997; and mirrors incorporating remote frameaction systems, such as disclosed in U.S. patent application Ser. No.09/057,428, filed Apr. 8, 1998, for “A VEHICLE MOUNTED REMOTETRANSACTION INTERFACE SYSTEM”; now U.S. Pat. No. 6,158,655; and U.S.Pat. No. 5,798,575; all commonly assigned to Donnelly Corporation,Holland Mich. and the disclosures of which are herein incorporated byreference in their entireties.

Changes and modifications in the specifically described embodiments canbe carried out without departing from the principles of the invention,which is intended to be limited only by the scope of the appendedclaims, as interpreted according to the principles of patent law.

We claim:
 1. An interior rearview mirror assembly for a vehicle, saidmirror assembly comprising: a support adapted for mounting said mirrorassembly to one of a vehicle windshield and a vehicle header, a casingpivotally attaching to said support and including a rearward facingopening and a forward facing side; a reflective element positioned insaid casing and supported in said rearward facing opening, saidreflective element providing a rearward field of view for a driver ofthe vehicle when said mirror assembly is mounted to the one of a vehiclewindshield and a vehicle header; an electrically operated assembly; saidcasing including a casing wall having an exterior surface with arecessed portion, said recessed portion providing storage capacity forsaid electrically operated assembly and for storing said electricallyoperated assembly in a location accessible by an occupant of the vehiclewhereby said electrically operated assembly can be removably docked atsaid recessed portion for use by an occupant of the vehicle, saidrecessed portion including an accessory attachment member for releasablyholding said electrically operated assembly, and said attachment memberbeing provided on said forward facing side; and said electricallyoperated assembly having an exterior surface, said exterior surface ofsaid electrically operated assembly generally following a contour ofsaid exterior surface of said casing wall when said electricallyoperated assembly is positioned at said recessed portion whereby saidelectrically operated assembly forms a unitary assembly with said casingwhen said electrically operated assembly is mounted at said recessedportion.
 2. An interior rearview nurror assembly for a vehicle, saidmirror assembly comprising: a support adapted for mounting said mirrorassembly to one of a vehicle windshield and a vehicle header, a casingpivotally attaching to said support; a reflective element positioned insaid casing, said reflective element providing a rearward field of viewfor a driver of the vehicle when said mirror assembly is mounted to theone of a vehicle windshield and a vehicle header; an electricallyoperated assembly comprising a light assembly; said casing including acasing wall having an exterior surface with a recessed portion, saidrecessed portion providing storage capacity for said electricallyoperated assembly and for storing said electrically operated assembly ina location accessible by an occupant of the vehicle whereby saidelectrically operated assembly can be removably docked at said recessedportion for use by an occupant of the vehicle; and said electricallyoperated assembly having an exterior surface, said exterior surface ofsaid electrically operated assembly generally following a contour ofsaid exterior surface of said casing wall when said electricallyoperated assembly is positioned at said recessed portion whereby saidelectrically operated assembly forms a unitary assembly with said casingwhen said electrically operated assembly is mounted at said recessedportion.
 3. The interior rearview mirror assembly according to claim 2,wherein said reflective element comprises a variable reflectancereflective element.
 4. The interior rearview mirror assembly accordingto claim 3, wherein said reflective element comprises an electro-opticreflective element.
 5. The interior rearview mirror assembly of claim 4,wherein said electro-optic reflective element comprises anelectrochromic reflective element.
 6. The interior rearview mirrorassembly of claim 5, wherein said electrochromic reflective elementcomprises an electrochemichromic reflective element.
 7. The interiorrearview mirror assembly according to claim 2, wherein said recessedportion is located behind said reflective element.
 8. The interiorrearview mirror assembly according to claim 2, wherein said casingcomprises a plastic casing.
 9. The interior rearview mirror assemblyaccording to claim 2, wherein said casing comprises an engineeringpolymer material.
 10. The interior rearview mirror assembly according toclaim 2, wherein said recessed portion includes an accessory attachmentmember for releasably bolding said electrically operated assembly. 11.The interior rearview mirror assembly according to claim 10, whereinsaid attachment member is integrally molded with said casing.
 12. Theinterior rearview mirror assembly according to claim 2, wherein saidcasing includes a forward facing side, and said forward facing sideincludes said recessed portion.
 13. The interior rearview mirrorassembly according to claim 2, wherein said recessed portion includes anaccessory attachment member for securing the electrically operatedassembly to said casing.
 14. An interior rearview mirror assembly for avehicle, said mirror assembly comprising: a casing; a reflective elementpositioned in said casing; at least one accessory; said casing includinga storage space, said storage space providing storage capacity for saidat least one accessory and for storing said at least one accessory in alocation accessible by an occupant of the vehicle whereby said at leastone accessory can be inserted into or removed from said storage spacefor use by an occupant of the vehicle; and said accessory comprising adockable assembly, said dockable assembly being supported in saidstorage space and being removably mounted to said casing whereby saiddockable assembly can be docked in said storage space and an occupant ofthe vehicle can remove said dockable assembly from said storage spaceand use said dockable assembly independently of said rearview mirrorassembly, said dockable assembly comprising a light assembly, and saidlight assembly including a housing and a lens, at least one of said lensand said housing being contoured to follow contours of said casingwhereby said light assembly forms a unitary part of said casing of saidmirror assembly when said light assembly is mounted in said storagespace.
 15. The interior rearview mirror assembly according to claim 14,wherein said casing includes a pair of recessed portions formed onopposed ends of said casing, each of said recessed portions storing alight assembly.
 16. The interior rearview mirror assembly according toclaim 14 wherein said housing includes at least one gripping surface.17. The interior rearview mirror assembly according to claim 16, whereinsaid gripping surface comprises a recess formed in said housing.